Aims. A model to describe cosmic ray spectra in the energy region from 10 10 to 10 17 eV is suggested based on the assumption that Galactic cosmic ray flux is a mixture of fluxes accelerated by shocks from nova and supernova of different types. Methods. We analyze recent experimental data on cosmic ray spectra obtained in direct measurements above the atmosphere and data obtained with ground Ex...

An ultrafast time-domain spectroscopy system employing asynchronous optical sampling at a repetition rate of 10 GHz is presented. Two ultra-compact Ti:sapphire femtosecond ring lasers allow to achieve scan rates as high as 100 kHz for a 100 ps long time window and a time-delay resolution of 100 fs. The feasibility of this high-speed ASOPS system is evaluated by performing THz time domain spectr...

Although emissions of air pollutants from some military tactical equipment are not subject to the emissions standards, local communities near military bases must conform to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Military diesel generators are widely used in training. A portable in-plume system was used to measure fuel-based emission factors (EFs) for particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxid...

The application fields of intense gamma-ray or X-ray for industrial purpose are expanding. Electron beam accelerator which can generate X-ray whose dose rate is equivalent to the effect of several MCi gamma-ray source is a major candidate as a intense X-ray source. 10 MeV, 100 kW CW electron accelerator Fantron-I is conceptually designed for X-ray source to irradiate food, corn, forest products...

The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) funds and supports world-leading clinical and applied health and social care research, as well as research infrastructure in the NHS. Providing £1 billion of funding each year, NIHR aims to: drive the faster translation of new treatments, technologies and diagnostics to improve outcomes for health and care services; promote the wealth of the nat...

The inherent bistability and picosecond time-scale switching of the resonant tunneling diode (RTD) provides an ideal element for the design of digital circuits and analog signal quantizers in the 10-100 GHz domain. New differential RTD-based circuits for quantizers and a first-order Sigma-Delta modulator capable of operating at 10 GHz and beyond are

SUMMARY The past decade has seen an increase in the number of articles reporting the use of DTI to detect brain abnormalities in patients with traumatic brain injury. DTI is well-suited to the interrogation of white matter microstructure, the most important location of pathology in TBI. Additionally, studies in animal models have demonstrated the correlation of DTI findings and TBI pathology. O...

We have re-examined the phase inversion temperature (PIT) emulsification process. This is a low-energy method that uses a physicochemical drive to produce very fine oil/water emulsions in the absence of high shear flows. We used the polyoxyethylene 8 cetyl ether (C(16)E(8))/hexadecane/water system, which has a PIT of 76.2 degrees C. We find that successful emulsification depends on two conditio...