BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly migratory, invasive, and angiogenic brain tumor. Like vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), placental growth factor (PlGF) promotes GBM angiogenesis. VEGF-A is a ligand for both VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and VEGFR-2, while PlGF interacts exclusively with VEGFR-1. We recently generated the novel anti-VEGFR-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) D16F7 that ...

PURPOSE Filtration failure due to excessive postoperative scarring remains a major problem after glaucoma surgery. The authors have investigated whether glaucoma and filtration surgery are associated with increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and whether a humanized monoclonal antibody against VEGF, bevacizumab, can reduce postoperative scar formation and improve surgic...

The longer splice isoforms of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)-A, including VEGF(164(165)), contain a highly basic HBD (heparin-binding domain). This domain allows these isoforms to interact with and localize to the HS (heparan sulfate)-rich extracellular matrix, and bind to the co-receptor Nrp-1 (neuropilin-1). Heparin-binding VEGF-A isoforms are critical for survival: mice engineered...

FP3 is an engineered protein which contains the extracellular domain 2 of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (Flt-1) and the extracellular domain 3 and 4 of VEGF receptor 2 (Flk-1, KDR) fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1. Previous studies have demonstrated its antiangiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo, and its antitumor activity in vivo. Cetuximab is a monocl...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) induces migration of human ML-1 thyroid follicular cancer cells and inhibits migration of human FRO anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. As tumour cells often secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), we investigated a possible interaction between S1P and VEGF signalling in the regulation of thyroid tumour cell migration. We found that both ML-1 and FRO cells ...

Angiogenesis (neovascularization) plays a crucial role in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and wound healing. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a critical regulator of angiogenesis. Multiple VEGF receptors are expressed on endothelial cells, including signaling receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) and the nonsig...

PURPOSE To evaluate the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor after a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS In this prospective interventional case series study, 24 eyes of 24 patients with types 1 and 2 choroidal neovascularization secondary to neovascular AMD were trea...

Tissue factor (TF) assembled with activated factor VII (FVIIa) initiates the coagulation cascade. We recently showed that TF was essential for FVIIa-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by human fibroblasts. We investigated whether this production resulted from TF activation by its binding to FVIIa or from the production of clotting factors activated downstream. Incubati...

Purpose We tested the ability of an antibody fragment with specificity for vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B) to regress nascent and established corneal blood vessels in the rat. Methods A single chain variable antibody fragment (scFv) with specificity for VEGF-B was engineered from the 2H10 hybridoma. Binding to rat, mouse, and human VEGF-B was confirmed by surface plasmon resonan...