Wixom et al. (1) reported that supplementation of the diet with aminoethanol equivalent to 1.5% glycine increased the grouTth of chicks on a glycine-deficient 35% casein diet to the same extent as did supplementation with glycine. Such a magnitude of growth response implies an efficient conversion of aminoethanol to glycine. However, with the use of a 20 $& casein ration we were unable to obtai...

Regulatory RNAs play important roles in the control of bacterial gene expression. In this study, we investigated gene expression regulation by a putative glycine riboswitch located in the 5'-untranslated region of a sodium:alanine symporter family (SAF) protein gene in the group A Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M49 strain 591. Glycine-dependent gene expression mediated by riboswitch activity w...

High-affinity glycine transport in neurons and glial cells is a primary means of inactivating synaptic glycine. We have synthesized a potent selective inhibitor of glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1), and characterized its activity using a quail fibroblast cell line (QT6). The glycine transporters GlyT1A, GlyT1B, GlyT1C, and GlyT2 were stably expressed in QT6 cells. The transporters expressed in thes...

The role of atmospheric aerosols on climate change is one the biggest uncertainties in most global models. Organic have been identified as potential cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and amino acids are organic molecules that could serve CCN. Amino make up a significant portion total material atmosphere, herein we present systematic study hydration for two common acids, glycine serine. We comput...

1. The mechanism of regeneration of glycine during the growth of Pseudomonas AM1 on C(1) compounds has been investigated by brief incubation of bacterial suspensions with [2,3-(14)C(2)]succinate and observing the incorporation of radioactivity into various metabolites. 2. With the wild-type organism growing on methanol, radioactivity appeared rapidly in glycine and tricarboxylic acid-cycle inte...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect addition various milk protein powder preparations (MPC-80, WPC-70, sweet whey, non-demineralized or demineralized whey permeate, rennet casein, buttermilk) selected quality parameters and digestibility proteins in kefir. Kefir samples analyzed were prepared under laboratory conditions with three industrial bacterial starter cultures. They examine...

Riboflavin overproduction in the ascomycete Ashbya gossypii is limited by glycine, a precursor of purine biosynthesis, and therefore an indicator of glycine metabolism. Disruption of the SHM 2 gene, encoding a serine hydroxymethyltransferase, resulted in a significant increase in riboflavin productivity. Determination of the enzyme's specific activity revealed a reduction from 3 m-units/mg of p...

The effectiveness of glycine in treating experimental lead intoxication was examined in rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 3 g/L lead acetate in drinking water for 5 weeks and treated thereafter with glycine (100 and 500 mg/kg, orally) once daily for 5 days or glycine (1000 mg/kg, orally) once daily for 28 days. The effect of these treatments on parameters indicative of oxidative stress (gl...

The primary catabolic fate of glycine in mammals involves the hepatic glycine-cleavage system in which glycine is sequentially converted to CO,, NH,, NADH + H + , and NS, N"-methylenetetrahydrofolate (Fig. 1) (for review, see Kikuchi, 1973). This multi-enzyme reaction is located exclusively in the mitochondrial compartment (Motokawa 81 Kikuchi, 1971) and can be compared in several respects with...

Glycine is the simplest proteinaceous amino acid and is present in all life-forms on Earth. In aqueous solutions, it appears mainly as zwitterion glycine (+NH3CH2COO-); however, in solid phase, it may be found in amorphous or crystalline (α, β, and γ) forms. The crystalline forms differ from each other by the packing of zwitterions in the unitary cells and by the number of intermolecular hydrog...