Upon Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection of the gut, an early line of defense is the gastrointestinal epithelium which senses the pathogen and intrusion along the epithelial barrier is one of the first events towards disease. Recently, we showed that high intracellular amounts of the secondary messenger c-di-GMP in S. typhimurium inhibited invasion and abolished induction of a pro...

We have measured the levels of 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in isolated retinas from toad to investigate their correlation to the opening and closing of the light-dependent permeability of photoreceptors. When Ca2+-induced changes in cyclic GMP concentration are compared with the Ca2+-induced changes in the permeability of photoreceptor light-dependent channel, four quantitative d...

A large number of genes coding for enzymes predicted to synthesize and degrade 3'-5-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) is found in most bacterial genomes and this dinucleotide emerged as an intracellular signal-controlling bacterial behaviour. An association between high levels of c-di-GMP and antibiotic resistance may be expected because c-di-GMP regulates biofilm formation and this mode of gro...

We evaluated the effects of guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP)-chelated calcium and iron (CaFe-GMP) on health and egg quality in layers experimentally infected with Salmonella Gallinarum. In this study, a CaFe-GMP feed additive was added to a commercial layer feed and fed to layers over a four-week period. All were inoculated with Salmonella Gallinarum. Body weight, mortality, clinical symptoms, ...

The generation of reactive oxygen species in diabetes is considered to be the major cause for the mutation related defects such as cancer, infertility etc. Glimepiride (Gmp) is a third generation antidiabetic sulphonylurea known to possess the antioxidant effect in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes. In this study, the anti-mutagenic activity of Gmp (0.175, 17.5 and 175 mg/kg, po daily for 4...

Abstract Objectives Aside from the activity of gaseous transmitter molecule nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic GMP producing enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) in human penile erectile tissue, intracellular receptor proteins activated by binding have been considered to play a significant role erection process. In animal models, down-regulation GMP-dependent/binding protein kinase I (cGKI) has link...

Kasus keracunan makanan akibat olahan industri jasa boga merupakan kasus terbanyak kedua setelah rumah tangga. Rumah Sakit golongan B. Keamanan pangan di harus diperhatikan karena melayani pasien yang rentan terkena infeksi bakteri patogen. Kontaminasi pada dapat memperpanjang proses perawatan dan meningkatkan keparahan penyakit Pengelola memiliki pengetahuan baik terhadap manajemen sistem keam...

GMP reductase was purified 150,000-fold from human erythrocytes by affinity chromatography on Cibacron blue/agarose. The enzyme was stable to storage and could be assayed spectrophotometrically. Plots of the velocity-* uersus [GMP]-’ demonstrated downward curvature above 250 pM GMP. GTP was found to be a nonessential activator. It caused the K’, for GMP to decrease from 7.5 to 4.4 pM and the V&...

UNLABELLED The nucleotide-based second messenger bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is involved in regulating a plethora of processes in bacteria that are typically associated with lifestyle changes. Myxococcus xanthus undergoes major lifestyle changes in response to nutrient availability, with the formation of spreading colonies in the presence of nutrients and spore-filled fruiting bod...

The GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library (GMP) is a widely used library for computing with arbitrary precision arithmetic. has functionally complete bindings many programming languages, including .NET, C++, OCaml, Python, Ruby, and Rust, the notable exception of Java. JGMP provides Java wrappers using GMP from within any JVM-based language. been thoroughly tested benchmarked.