In cirrhosis, as in other conditions of protein catabolism, there is a state of acquired GH resistance, as defined by high circulating GH levels with low insulin-like growth factor I levels. However, patients with end-stage liver failure respond to supraphysiological doses of GH with an increase in circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels. The present study represents a detailed analysis...

Signal transduction by the growth hormone receptor (GHR) occurs through growth hormone (GH)-induced dimerization of two GHRs to form a trimeric complex. It is thought that dimerization alone is sufficient for signaling, since monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the extracellular domain of the GHR elicit proliferation of FDC-P1 cells transfected with a chimeric receptor comprising the extracell...

GH-binding protein (GHBP) in the mouse consists of a ligand-binding domain, which is identical to the extracellular portion of the GH receptor (GHR), and a hydrophilic C-terminal domain, in place of the transmembrane and intracellular domains of the GHR. The two proteins are encoded by separate mRNAs which are derived from a single gene by alternative splicing. Determination of the gestational ...

The recently introduced generalized Hamiltonian–Real (GHR) calculus comprises, for the first time, the product and chain rules that makes it a powerful tool for quaternion-based optimization and adaptive signal processing. In this paper, we introduce novel dual relationships between the GHR calculus and multivariate real calculus, in order to provide a new, simpler proof of the GHR derivative r...

The purpose of the present study was to examine growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene expression by real-time PCR and demonstrate immunocytochemically the localization of GHR in four chicken oviductal parts, i.e. infundibulum, magnum, isthmus and shell gland. Experiments were carried out on Hy-Line laying hens decapitated 2 h after oviposition. GHR mRNA was expressed in all examined oviductal segm...

Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the GH receptor (GHR) gene result in GH insensitivity syndrome. Previous reports have shown that some heterozygous mutations may induce a partial insensitivity to GH, but others appear to have limited effect on growth. To investigate further these observations, we analyzed the GHR gene in 17 subjects with idiopathic short stature (ISS). All subje...

We previously have demonstrated that insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) down-regulate growth hormone (GH) binding in osteoblasts by reducing the number of surface GH receptors (GHRs). The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of GHR down-regulation. Treatment with 5 nM insulin or IGF-I for 18 hr significantly decreased surface GH binding to 26.4 +/- 2.9% and 23...

Objective: Our aim was to determine whether genetic variations in the GHR and IGF1 genes were associated with differences in facial growth rates. Methods: Cervical Vertebral Maturation Stages (CVMS) were evaluated on initial radiographs by 3 clinicians; 182 subjects in CVMS3 (98F/84M) were studied. Subjects were genotyped for rs2972408, rs4130114, rs6180 (GHR) and rs10735380, rs1520220, rs29468...