Structural equation modeling (SEM) is an important tool to estimate a network of causal relationships linking two or more complex concepts. The PLS approach to SEM, also known as component based SEM, is becoming more prominent for estimating large complex models due to its soft modeling assumptions. This ‘soft modeling’ refers to the greater flexibility of PLS technique in developing and valida...

The first stage in hemostasis is the binding of the platelet membrane receptor glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX complex to the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor in the subendothelium. A bleeding disorder associated with this interaction is platelet-type von Willebrand disease, which results from gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in amino acid residues 233 or 239 of the GP Ibalpha subunit of GP Ib-IX. Us...

Nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) are transcription factors that regulate numerous physiological and developmental processes and represent important drug targets. NHR-49, an ortholog of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 (HNF4), has emerged as a key regulator of lipid metabolism and life span in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. However, many aspects of NHR-49 function remain poorly understood,...

Mutation in TP53 is a common genetic alteration in human cancers. Certain tumor associated p53 missense mutants acquire gain-of-function (GOF) properties and confer oncogenic phenotypes including enhanced chemoresistance. The colorectal cancers (CRC) harboring mutant p53 are generally aggressive in nature and difficult to treat. To identify a potential gene expression signature of GOF mutant p5...

We aimed to investigate the long-term therapeutic effects of a compound Chinese medicine, the Bushen capsule, on cognition and brain connectivity in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Thus, sixty aMCI participants were recruited to this 24-month study and were randomly divided into treatment (30 with a Bushen capsule) and placebo (30 with a placebo capsule) groups. Neurops...

The tumor-suppressor p53 prevents cancer development via initiating cell-cycle arrest, cell death, repair, or antiangiogenesis processes. Over 50% of human cancers harbor cancer-causing mutant p53. p53 mutations not only abrogate its tumor-suppressor function, but also endow mutant p53 with a gain of function (GOF), creating a proto-oncogene that contributes to tumorigenesis, tumor progression,...

Dynamic spectrum detection has attracted increasing interest in drone or controller problems. Spectrum sensing as a promising solution allows us to provide dynamic map within the target frequency band by estimating occupied sub-bands specific period. In this paper, robust Student’s t-distribution model is built tackle scenario with small number of observed samples. Then, relying on characterist...

Since the spring of 2012, there has been a raging controversy in scientific circles on the wisdom of carrying out so-called “gainof-function” (GOF) experiments with pathogens of pandemic potential (PPP) such as influenza virus (1). Although the phrase “gain-of-function” has been much criticized because of its inexactness, the terminology has been adopted by many, including the media, to mean ex...

Missense mutation of p53 not only impairs its tumor suppression function, but also causes oncogenic gain of function (GOF). The molecular underpinning of mutant p53 (mutp53) GOF is not fully understood, especially for the potential roles of non-coding genes. Here we identify the microRNA expression profile (microRNAome) of mutp53 on Arg282 by controlled microarray experiments, and clarify the p...

Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation requires proper interaction between motoneurons and muscle cells. β-Catenin is required in muscle cells for NMJ formation. To understand underlying mechanisms, we investigated the effect of β-catenin gain of function (GOF) on NMJ development. In HSA-β-cat(flox(ex3)/+) mice, which express stable β-catenin specifically in muscles, motor nerve terminals becam...