The activity of 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) in rabbit blood is significantly inhibited by tin. Intravenous administration of tin (0.48 or 4.8 mumol/kg body weight) causes a decrease in the activity of the enzyme by 60% or 94% respectively. The effects of tin and lead on ALAD differ: inhibition by tin is not affected by pre-incubation at 50-60 degrees C, whereas the inhibitory effect of...

The paper presents an algorithm for transforming Timed Influence Nets (TIN) into Time Sliced Bayesian Networks (TSBN). The advantage of TINs lies in their ability to represent both causal and time-sensitive information in a compact and integrated manner. They are used to help a decision maker model the causal and temporal interdependencies among variables in a system. The TIN formalism offers a...

Organotin compounds are used as fungicides and antifouling agents, which are incorporated into paints for use in sea vessels. These compounds have been found to be a threat to the environment. Method development for the determination of total tin in marine sediments by Zeeman GFAAS was studied. The optimum pyrolysis and atomization temperatures for tin analysis were 1100oC and 2300oC, respectiv...

The HfO2/TiO2/HfO2 trilayer-structure resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices have been fabricated on Pt- and TiN-coated Si substrates with Pt top electrodes by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The effect of the bottom electrodes of Pt and TiN on the resistive switching properties of trilayer-structure units has been investigated. Both Pt/HfO2/TiO2/HfO2/Pt and Pt/HfO2/TiO2/HfO2/TiN exhibit ...

Immersion tin is widely used as lead free surface finish in the printed circuit board technology. Tin prevents the underlying copper from corrosion and preserves its solderability during a long storage and lead-free assembly processes. In the paper immersion tin coatings of different thickness (0.2 ÷ 1.5 μm) deposited on copper foil from methanelulphonic bath were investigated. The layers were ...

The elimination of lead in electronic equipment due to governmental regulations (European Union End of Life Vehicle Directive and European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive) has increased the risk of electrical shorting due to the formation of tin whiskers in electronic products. Tin whiskers are hair-like tin structures that grow sporadically on surfaces coated with tin. Whis...

Although alloy tin plating has been known and used for many years, this paper will describe the use of a new non-cyanide tin/zinc alloy as a possible replacement coating for cadmium and the use of a tin/nickel alloy as a possible substitute for barrel decorative chromium plating. A review on the corrosion properties of tin, zinc and cadmium compared to tin/zinc alloys and review of the properti...

Genetic modification of shoot and root morphology has potential to improve water and nutrient uptake of wheat crops in rainfed environments. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) varying for a tillering inhibition (tin) gene and representing multiple genetic backgrounds were phenotyped in contrasting, controlled environments for shoot and root growth. Leaf area, shoot and root biomass were similar until t...

Terrain information is implied in airborne LIDAR data, therefore algorithms should be developed to extract meaning information from them for subsequent application. Especially the building roofs in airbore LIDAR data are very important for 3-D building reconstruction. The difficulty of building roof extraction lies on how to exclude the irrelevant data and to exact them automatically. Therefore...