PURPOSE The outcomes of adjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer are nonuniform among patients with matching prognostic factors. We explored the role of molecular markers for predicting the outcome of adjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study included 68 patients with stages II to III rectal adenocarcinoma who were treated with total...

Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a tumor and metastasis suppressor in cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to play a vital role in tumor initiation and progression by negatively regulating oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Quite recently, studies have identified some miRNAs operating to promote or suppress tumor invasion or metastasis via regulating metastasis-related gen...

Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is a physiologic inhibitor of c-RAF kinase and nuclear factor kB signaling that represses tumor invasion andmetastasis.Glycogen synthase kinase-3b (GSK3b) suppresses tumorprogression by downregulating multiple oncogenic pathways including Wnt signaling and cyclin D1 activation. Here, we show thatRKIPbindsGSK3proteins andmaintainsGSK3bprotein levels and its a...

Prasugrel is a thienopyridine antiplatelet prodrug that undergoes rapid hydrolysis in vivo to a thiolactone metabolite by human carboxylesterase-2 (hCE2) during gastrointestinal absorption. The thiolactone metabolite is further converted to a pharmacologically active metabolite by cytochrome P450 isoforms. The aim of the current study was to elucidate hydrolases other than hCE2 involved in the ...

nloaded helial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key event in the generation of invasive tumor cells. A hallmark T is the repression of E-cadherin expression, which is regulated by various signal transduction pathways ing extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Wnt. These pathways are highly interconnected via le coupled feedback loops (CFL). As the function of such coupled feedback reg...

Stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) provides the most efficient physiological mechanism to enhance contraction and relaxation of the heart. Activation of βARs allows rapid enhancement of myocardial function in order to fuel the muscles for running and fighting in a fight-or-flight response. Likewise, βARs become activated during cardiovascular disease in an attempt to counteract the re...

PURPOSE To identify independent clinicopathologic factors and protein markers leading to the identification of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with mismatch repair proficiency at risk of developing metastasis and, consequently, more likely to benefit from combined modality therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Immunohistochemistry for 22 tumor markers was done using a tissue microarray. A subset of 3...

Prasugrel is a thienopyridine antiplatelet prodrug that undergoes rapid hydrolysis in vivo to a thiolactone metabolite by human carboxylesterase-2 (hCE2) during gastrointestinal absorption. The thiolactone metabolite is further converted to a pharmacologically active metabolite by cytochrome P450 isoforms. The aim of the current study was to elucidate hydrolases other than hCE2 involved in the ...

Although asbestos causes malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), rising from lung mesothelium, the molecular mechanism has not been suggested until now. Extremely low mutation rate in classical tumor suppressor genes (such as p53 and pRb) and oncogenes (including Ras or myc) indicates that there would be MPM-specific carcinogenesis pathway. To address this, we treated silica to mimic mesothelioma...