The recombinant parathyroid hormone (PTH) Teriparatide is the only therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis that increases bone mass (i.e., is anabolic). Its therapeutic action depends on a short “burst” of PTH in the circulation followed by a rapid return to normal levels; if PTH levels remain high, bone loss occurs (i.e., the effect is catabolic) (Frolik et al., 2003). This occurs because PTH ...

BACKGROUND A new parathyroid hormone (PTH) species, the N-terminal PTH form (N-PTH), is distinct from intact human PTH of 84 amino acid residues [hPTH(1-84)] and is recognized in a 3rd-generation assay of "whole" PTH (wPTH; the 1-2 epitope) but not in a 2nd-generation assay of "total" PTH (tPTH; the 12-18 epitope). N-PTH usually represents <15% of wPTH but can be overproduced in severe primary ...

arathyroid hormone (PTH) ● Released in response to lowering of ionized Ca via Ca-sensing receptor inactivation (ionized Ca decreases PTH release) ● Cleaved from pre-pro PTH to pro PTH to PTH in gland, and then secreted and catabolized to N-terminal (active) and C-terminal fragments. Most of the C-terminal fragments are inactive, but some C-terminal fragments (sometimes called “7-84” fragments a...

Myocardiopathy is common in uremia, but its cause in unknown. Excessive entry of calcium in heart cells by catecholamines has been shown to cause necrosis of myocardium. The high blood levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in uremia may also enhance entry of calcium into heart cells and exert deleterious effects on the heart. We examined the effect of PTH on rat heart cells grown in culture. Both...

In this work, Poly(ethyleneterephthalate) (PET) substrate was treated using KOH solution and was modified using hybrid O-I coating containing PCL )polycaprolactone( as organic phase and TEOS )tetraethoxysilane( as inorganic phase. The coating was prepared through a sol-gel process and applied on the surface by dip coater. Then, electrically conducting polythiophene (PTh) nanoparticles were depo...

Hepatic and renal extraction of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (i-PTH) was studied in awake dogs with explanted kidneys and chronic indwelling hepatic vein catheters. After a single injection of bovine PTH 1-84 (b-PTH 1-84), hepatic arteriovenous (A-V) differences for immunoreactive PTH (i-PTH) was 39% at 2 min after injection but decreased to 0% by 25 min, despite high levels of i-PTH in t...

Oral formulation of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (PTH 1-34) is an alternative patient compliant route in treating osteoporosis. PTH 1-34 loaded chitosan nanoparticles were PEGylated (PEG-CS-PTH NPs) and characterized by DLS, SEM, TEM and FTIR. PEG-CS-PTH NP aggregates of 200-250 nm which in turn comprised 20 nm individual nanoparticles were observed in SEM and TEM images respectively. The PEG...

The acute inhibitory effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on proximal tubule Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase (Na-K) and sodium-dependent phosphate (NaPi) transport have been extensively studied, while little is known about the chronic effects of PTH. Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, a condition characterized by chronic elevations in PTH, exhibit persistent hypophosphatemia but not significant evide...

To restore falling plasma calcium levels, PTH promotes calcium liberation from bone. PTH targets bone-forming cells, osteoblasts, to increase expression of the cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), which then stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption. Intriguingly, whereas continuous administration of PTH decreases bone mass, intermittent PTH has an anabolic effect ...