BACKGROUND Calf output is a key element in determining the profitability of a suckler beef enterprise. Infectious agents such as Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD) virus, colostrum management and parasitic challenge can all affect calf output. Prior to the national BVD eradication programme, there was little published information on either the prevalence or effect of BVD in Irish beef herds. There is...

Following several clinical cases of suspected bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) on three Namibian cattle farms, a serological survey was conducted on bovine, ovine, caprine and wild ruminant sera originating from different regions of the country. Neutralizing antibodies to BVD virus (BVDV) were detected in 58% of 1,014 cattle sera, 14% of 618 sheep sera and 4.6% of 1,118 goat sera. Sera from seven o...

Locating the Optic Disc (OD) is of critical importance in a retinal analysis system. This paper presents a fast algorithm for the automatic localization of OD in digital fundus retinal images. OD localization follows the Blood Vessel Detection (BVD). A morphology based approach is proposed for BVD. OD is localized by exploiting the property that it is a bright region and the density of blood ve...

In this paper, we present a novel hybrid nonlinear explicit-compact scheme for shock-capturing based on boundary variation diminishing (BVD) reconstruction. our approach, combine non-dissipative sixth-order central compact interpolation and fifth-order monotonicity preserving (MP5) through the BVD algorithm. For smooth solution, reconstruction chooses highest order possible interpolation, which...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate usefulness and morbidity of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) using a decreasing pattern in patients with bladder voiding dysfunction (BVD) of varied etiology. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of patients with BVD in whom CIC was indicated. We evaluated the clinical presentation, post-void residual urine (PVR), results of the urodynamic studies (UDS), a...

Previous studies revealed that people with binocular vision disorders have poor postural stability. However, most of the research was performed only on children and under binocular viewing condition, that could negatively affect the results. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of extra-ocular proprioceptive signals on postural stability in young adults with binocular v...

Introduction Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) virus and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus are two of the major viral pathogens responsible for respiratory disease in cattle. These viral agents can be associated with pathology in the respiratory, immunologic, neurologic, hematologic, lymphatic, and reproductive organ systems (Grooms et al., 1998). Infections of cattle with BVD virus and/o...

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically important pathogen of cattle and it occurs worldwide. The biology of this virus is complex because it is associated with many diverse clinical manifestations, ranging from mild acute infections to fatal mucosal disease. BVDV can infect cattle at all ages including the fetus (1-3). Serological evidence shows that BVDV is a common infectious a...