Corneal-responsive neurons were recorded extracellularly in two regions of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, subnucleus interpolaris/caudalis (Vi/Vc) and subnucleus caudalis/upper cervical cord (Vc/C1) transition regions, from methohexital-anesthetized male rats. Thirty-nine Vi/Vc and 26 Vc/C1 neurons that responded to mechanical and electrical stimulation of the cornea were examined for convergen...

Intrinsic biodegradation of trichloroethene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane in groundwater at a Superfund site in California has been observed. An anaerobic zone exists in the area closest to the source location, yielding the expected complement of reductive dechlorination daughter products, including cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC). Significant levels of methane and ethene w...

Vascular compliance (VC) is an important marker for a number of cardiovascular diseases and dementia, which is typically assessed in the central and peripheral arteries indirectly by quantifying pulse wave velocity (PWV), and/or pulse pressure waveform. To date, very few methods are available for the quantification of intracranial VC. In the present study, a novel MRI technique for in-vivo asse...

抗酸化作用を有し，医薬品以外にもさまざまな用途で広く使用されているアスコルビン酸（vitamin C，VC）は，溶液中では不安定で光暴露によりさらに分解が加速される．このVCなどの水溶性ビタミン類のHPLC分離法として，近年，緩衝液とこれと混和する有機溶媒（例えばアセトニトリル）を高比率で用いる，親水性相互作用クロマトグラフィー（HILIC）が注目されている．本報では4種類のHILICカラムを用いたVCを含む水溶性ビタミン類7種の分離検討に基づき，VCとその異性体エリソルビン酸，安定化VCであるアスコルビン酸2-グルコシド（VC-Glu）が完全分離する条件を選択し，VC-Gluを内標準とするVC迅速定量法を開発した．この定量法を用いて開封後のUV照射におけるVC医薬品の4剤型，VCを含む清涼飲料中のVCの光安定性の評価を行った結果，散剤で若干の，また，飲料水では大幅なVCの含量低下が...

We describe a new technique for proving the existence of small 2-nets for hypergraphs satisfying certain simple conditions. The technique is particularly useful for proving o( 1 2 log 1 2 ) upper bounds which is not possible using the standard VC dimension theory. We apply the technique to several geometric hypergraphs and obtain simple proofs for the existence of O( 1 2 ) size 2-nets for them....

We show that 2 is the minimum VC dimension of a concept class whose k-fold union has VC dimension Ω(k log k).