Euphorbia macrostegia or Persian wood spurge is one of the seventeen endemic plants of this genus in Iran. Three triterpenoids: 24-methylenecycloartan-3β-ol (1), butyrospermol (2) and cycloartenol (3) and three diglycerides: 1,2-di-O-α-linolenoyl-sn-glycerol (4), 1-O-linoleoyl-3-O-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol (5) and 1-O-α-linolenoyl-2-O-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol (6) were isolated from a hexane layer of m...

In the centrosymmetric tetra-nuclear title compound, [Sn(4)(C(4)H(9))(8)(C(7)H(5)O(3))(4)O(2)], one of the two independent Sn atoms is five-coordinate in a cis-C(2)SnO(3) trigonal-bipyramidal geometry [C-Sn-C = 142.7 (1)°]; the geometry is distorted owing to a long Sn⋯O(double bond) inter-action [Sn⋯O = 2.862 (1) Å]. The other Sn atom has a bent R(2)Sn skeleton [C-Sn-C = 144.0 (1)°], but the ge...

Room temperature stabilization of up to 3.5 ML epitaxial metastable a-Sn at the Si(1 1 1)-(7 7) surface is reported. The a-Sn layers remain stabilized at the interface even after the deposition of thick Sn layers that undergo the a-Sn ! b-Sn transformation. Additionally, a small decrease in the s-electron density at the Sn nucleus is found for submonolayer of Sn at the Sn/Si(1 1 1)-(7 7) interf...

Synthetic spectra generated with the parameterized supernova syntheticspectrum code SYNOW are compared to spectra of the unusual Type Ib supernova 2005bf. We confirm the discovery by Folatelli et al. (2006) that very early spectra (∼30 days before maximum light) contain both photospheric-velocity (∼8000 km s) features of He I, Ca II, and Fe II, and detached high-velocity (∼14,000 km s) features...

Nucleoside analog-associated sensory neuropathy (NRTI-SN) attributed to stavudine, didanosine, or zalcitabine (the dNRTIs) and distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) attributed to HIV are clinically indistinguishable. As inflammatory cytokines are involved in DSP, we addressed a role for inflammation in NRTI-SN by determining the alleles of immune-related genes carried by patients with and without...

Introduction: Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN+) is a risk marker for Parkinson's disease (PD) which can be detected before the diagnosis. In healthy individuals, SN+ has been associated with slight deficits in specific cognitive functions, suggesting cognitive impairment as a possible pre-diagnostic marker for PD. However, the pattern of cognitive deficits associated with SN+ has ...

Reliability of QFP (quad flat package) solder joints after thermal shock was investigated for PCB’s and connecting leads plated with several different alloy coatings before soldering. Sn–8 wt%Zn–3 wt%Bi (hereafter, Sn–8Zn–3Bi) was selected as a solder, and FR-4 PCB’s finished with Cu/Sn, Cu/OSP and Cu/Ni/Au were used as substrates. The leads of the QFP were Cu plated with Sn–10 wt%Pb, or Sn, or...

Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) were used to investigate the reduction of Sn(IV) as the hexabromo complex ion in a 2 M HBr-4 M NaBr medium. CV at scan rates to 100 V/s and SECM indicated the reaction pathway involves ligand-coupled electron transfer via an ECEC-DISP process: (1) one-electron reduction of Sn(IV)Br6(2-) to Sn(III)Br6(3-); (2) bromi...

We report on our early photometric and spectroscopic observations of the extremely luminous Type II supernova (SN) 2008es. With an observed peak optical magnitude of mV = 17.6 mag and at a redshift z = 0.213, SN 2008es had a peak absolute magnitude of MV = −22.5 mag, making it the second most luminous SN ever observed. The photometric evolution of SN 2008es exhibits a fast decline rate (∼0.042 ...