Fabrics are typical porous material and can be treated as mixtures of fibers and air. There is no clearly defined boundary and is different from a classical continuum for fabrics. It is complex to proceed with the theoretical analysis of fabric behavior. There are two main reasons (Hearle et al., 1969) for developing the geometrical structures of fabrics. One is to be able to calculate the resi...

There are two major traditions in formal logic: term logic and propo-sitional/predicate logic, exempliied respectively by the Syllogism of Aristotle and the First-Order Predicate Logic founded by Frege, Rus-sell, and Whitehead. Term logic is diierent from predicate logic in both its knowledge representation language and its inference rules. Term logic represents knowledge in subject{predicate s...

It is easy to think of possible tensions between one’s faith and academic reality, but I wish to address here a positive relation, namely, the fact that the academy is itself indebted to religious faith. In particular, I want to point to the impact of Jewish and Christian traditions on a phase of thought that began at the end of the nineteenth century. A significant theme of this thinking was t...

A major advantage of conceptual graphs is their ease of use particularly in the graphical form. The goals of the graphical interface subgroup is the creation of a document providing general guidelines for the implementation of such an interface and the creation of one (or more) implementations conforming to those guidelines. Furthermore, members of the group plan to make available a suit e of o...

This essay discusses Peirce’s appeal to logical machines as an argument against psychologism. It also contends that some of Peirce’s anti-psychologistic remarks on logic contain interesting premonitions arising from his perception of the asymmetry of proof complexity in monadic and relational logical calculi that were only given full formulation and explication in the early twentieth century th...

Essential to Peirce's distinction among three kinds of reasoning, deduction, induction and abduction, is the claim that each is correlated to a unique species of validity irreducible to that of the others. In particular, abductive validity cannot be analyzed in either deductive or inductive terms, a consequence of considerable importance for the logical and epistemological scrutiny of scientifi...

The lifetime of Charles Sanders Peirce spanned a period of tremendous change and development in human knowledge, in the sciences in general. He was a young man of twenty in the year that Origin of Species was published; he approached the end of his life just before Albert Einstein presented us with General Relativity. His lifetime saw the emergence of psychology as a discipline separate from ph...

Description logics (DLs) are a well-understood family of knowledge representation (KR) languages. The notation of DLs has the flavour of a variable-free first order predicate logic. In this paper, a diagrammatic representation of the DLALC, based on Peirce’s existential graphs, is presented, and a set of transformation rules on these graphs is provided. It is proven that these rules form a soun...

‘Scientific community’ is common currency in the study of science, largely due to Kuhn’s use of the term in his highly influential book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. As this article explains, however, ‘scientific community’ was not of Kuhn’s coining. It was hinted at by Peirce, and expressly designated by Royce. On a few occasions Fleck affirmed a scientific community, while Polanyi ...