Housing data are of a nested nature as houses are nested in a village, a town, or a county. This study thus applies HLM (hierarchical linear modelling) in an empirical study by adding neighborhood characteristic variables into the model for consideration. Using the housing data of 31 neighborhoods in the Taipei area as analysis samples and three HLM sub-models, this study discusses the impact o...

Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) is introduced as a new tool for investigating decision making in commons dilemmas. University undergraduates (N = 171) managed a virtual fishery, with 2 computer-simulated fishers, over 60 seasons. Level 1 HLM analyses revealed that participants took significantly more fish during seasons when feedback suggested fish stocks, fish value, and fishing expenses we...

A list of non-standard abbreviations: DEET-N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide E2-estradiol TST-testosterone HLM-human liver microsomes CYP-cytochrome P450 HPLC-high performance liquid chromatography This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. DMD#10439 Abstract Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are major catalysts in metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous su...

BACKGROUND Conventional treatments for the articular diseases are often effective for symptom relief, but can also cause significant side effects and do not slow the progression of the disease. Several natural substances have been shown to be effective at relieving the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), and preliminary evidence suggests that some of these compounds may exert a favorable influence...

Dans Soleil amer, Lilia Hassaine revient sur l’immigration algérienne de la période postcoloniale. Nous verrons dans cet article que l’auteure choisit faire évoluer ses personnages au rythme trois décennies qui illustrent, chacune d’elle, une étape planification urbaine l’époque. Les années 60 seront celles l’utopie avec naissance des HLM, les 70 l’abandon le changement politiques sociales et, ...

Testing multilevel mediation using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) has gained tremendous popularity in recent years. However, potential confounding in multilevel mediation effect estimates can arise in these models when within-group effects differ from between-group effects. This study summarizes three types of HLM-based multilevel mediation models, and then explains that in two types of the...

We investigated the impact of a sustainable development technology on the macroeconomic variables in a small economy utilizing a case study with a stochastically improving energy saving technology and a stochastically increasing energy price. The results show the technological displacement effects of energy saving technology are stronger, but there are more ambiguous instantaneous returns to ph...

Nearly all hierarchical linear models presented to political science audiences are estimated using maximum likelihood under a repeated sampling interpretation of the results of hypothesis tests. Maximum likelihood estimators have excellent asymptotic properties but less than ideal small sample properties. Multilevel models common in political science have relatively large samples of units like ...