Disadvantaged students perform differentially worse when randomly given a financially salient mathematics exam. For with socioeconomic indicators below the national median, 10 percentage point increase in share of monetary themed questions depresses exam performance by 0.026 standard deviations, about 6 percent their gap. Using question-level data, I confirm role financial salience comparing on...

We examine the impact of temperature on mortality in Mexico using daily data over period 1998–2017 and find that 3.8 percent deaths are caused by suboptimal (26,000 every year). However, 92 weather-related induced cold (<12°C) or mildly ( 12–20°C) days only 2 outstandingly hot (>32°C). Furthermore, temperatures twice as likely to kill people bottom half income distribution. Finally, we sh...

Using two RCTs in middle schools Pakistan, we show that brief, expert-led, curriculum-based videos integrated into the classroom experience improved teaching effectiveness: student test scores math and science increased by 0.3 standard deviations, 60 percent more than control group, after 4 months of exposure. Students teachers their attendance, students were likely to pass high-stakes governme...

To investigate barriers to universal health insurance in developing countries, we designed a randomized experiment involving about 6,000 households Indonesia who are subject government program with weakly enforced mandate. Time-limited subsidies increased enrollment and attracted lower-cost enrollees, part by reducing the strategic timing of correspond needs. Registration assistance also enroll...

Using detailed household-level data from Malawi on physical quantities of agricultural outputs and inputs, we measure farm total factor productivity (TFP), controlling for land quality, rain, transitory shocks. We find that operated size capital are essentially unrelated to TFP, implying substantial misallocation. The output gain a reallocation factors their efficient use among existing farmers...

A central issue in designing incentive contracts is the decision to reward agents’ input use versus outputs. The trade-off between risk and return innovation production can also lead agents with varying skill levels perform differentially under different contracts. We study this experimentally, observing verifying inputs outputs Indian maternity care. find that both contract types achieve compa...

We measure the effects of firm policies on racial pay differences in Brazil. Non-Whites are less likely to be hired by high-wage firms, explaining about 20 percent wage gap for both genders. Firm-specific premiums non-Whites also compressed relative Whites, contributing another 5 that gap. A counterfactual analysis reveals two-thirds underrepresentation at higher-wage firms is explained race-ne...

We use a policy experiment in Indonesia to show how local political boundaries affect ethnic tension. Redrawing district borders along group lines reduces conflict. However, the gains stability are undone or even reversed when new increase polarization. Greater polarization leads more violence around majoritarian elections but has little effect lower-stakes, proportional representation election...

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