The Domain Name System (DNS) is a ubiquitous part of everyday computing, translating human-friendly machine names to numeric IP addresses. Most DNS research has focused on server-side infrastructure, with the assumption that the aggressive caching and redundancy on the client side are sufficient. However, through systematic monitoring, we find that client-side DNS failures are widespread and fr...

Dieses Ergebnis und die vorher beschriebenen vergleichenden Untersuchungen weisen darauf hin, daß für die hydratationsabhängigen Konformationsänderungen der DNS in situ die Artspezifität der DNS und der Proteinkomponente im Komplex, die möglichen Artspezifitäten von Konformationseigenschaften des Komplexes und der Wechselwirkungen zwischen DNS und Protein von Bedeutung sein können. Da die Kennt...

DNS amplification attacks massively exploit open recursive DNS servers mainly for performing bandwidth consumption DDoS attacks. The amplification effect lies in the fact that DNS response messages may be substantially larger than DNS query messages. In this paper, we present and evaluate a novel and practical method that is able to distinguish between authentic and bogus DNS replies. The propo...

Hypermethylation of cell cycle regulators and increased DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) mRNA level have been reported in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the expression of Dnmts has not yet been examined in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). We examined 13 cases of HCCs in dysplastic nodules (DNs) and 28 cases of advanced HCCs for Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a, and compared the results with those of 9 cases of...

Dysplastic nodules are premalignant neoplastic nodules found in explanted livers with cirrhosis. Genetic signatures of premalignant dysplastic nodules (DNs) with concurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may provide an insight in the molecular evolution of hepatocellular carcinogenesis. We analyzed four patients with multifocal nodular lesions and cirrhotic background by whole-exome sequencing ...

The Domain Name System (DNS) has grown to play various of broader roles in the Internet, beyond nameto-address mapping. It provides query engine for antispam [2] and replica selection for content delivery networks (CDNs) [3]. DANE [1] provides additional source of trust by leveraging the integrity verification of DNSSEC. The wide use and critical role of DNS prompt its continuous evolution. How...

We consider DoS attacks on DNS where attackers flood the nameservers of a zone to disrupt resolution of resource records belonging to the zone and consequently, any of its sub-zones. We argue that a minor change in the caching behavior of DNS resolvers can significantly mitigate the impact of such attacks. In our proposal, DNS resolvers do not completely evict cached records whose TTL has expir...

OBJECTIVES To clarify potential differences between denosumab (DNS) and bisphosphonates (BIS) in terms of bone density and bone metabolism, in a sample of postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 113 postmenopausal women aged 53-66 years were treated with either DNS or BIS for 12 months. Bone densitometry and laboratory tests were compared between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS Femoral nec...

BACKGROUND Dysplastic nodules (DNs) recently have been identified as preneoplastic lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To test an alternative hypothesis regarding DN development, in which we have suggested that DNs develop as an infiltrating clonal expansion in advance of, or parallel to cirrhosis, the authors investigated the rates of apoptosis and proliferation in human hepatocarcinoge...

DNS servers often fail or have bad implementations of algorithms that decrease the efficiency of the DNS system. We introduce a method for clustering misconfigured DNS sources. Using machine learning methods, we analyzed 24 hours of DNS requests that were collected on the A-root DNS server. The 50 gigabyte data set was a log containing 10-40 million requests per hour. We selected the hour of 1:...