BACKGROUND Typhoid fever remains a worldwide problem, but it is particularly common in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The causative agent Salmonella Typhi is known to have significant genome plasticity. METHODOLOGY This study describes genetic fingerprints using restriction fragment length polymorphism with SpeI of chromosomal DNA and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of S. Typhi ...

A new multiscale Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) dataset is provided for a reference period (1960–1999) and two future time horizons (2040–2079) (2060–2099). The historical forcing based on combined climate observations reanalysis (WATer global CHange Forcing Dataset), the projections are fed by Fast Track experiment of Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Proj...

The genomic structure and the restriction maps were studied in 24 Brucella strains isolated from marine mammals. From SpeI restriction profiles, the strains could be ascribed to three clonal groups, each corresponding to a specific host. Cross contamination between exclusively terrestrial and exclusively marine hosts is unlikely suggesting the divergence of the different species of the genus Br...

Abstract The increasing divergence/disagreement between the meteorological drought indicators, majorly due to changing climate conditions, has disputed their pertinency in monitoring and modeling of events. In present study, we attempted quantify divergence widely used indices such as standardized precipitation index (SPI), evapotranspiration (SPEI), newly developed net (SNEPI) traced evolution...

Machine learning (ML)-based models are popular for complex physical system simulation and prediction. Lake is the important indicator in arid semi-arid areas, to achieve proper management of water resources a lake basin, it crucial estimate predict dynamics, based on hydro-meteorological variations anthropogenic disturbances. This task particularly challenging regions, where scarcity poses sign...

We have used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to derive a restriction map of the chromosome of Bordetella pertussis for the enzymes XbaI, SpeI, PacI, and PmeI, which cleave 25, 16, 2, and 1 times, respectively. The apparent size of the genome is 3,750 kb. The positions of genes for major virulence determinants in the vir regulon and of some housekeeping genes were determined. Apart from the pre...

Climate change and solar geoengineering have different implications for drought. can “speed up” the hydrological cycle, but it causesgreater evapotranspiration than historical climate because of higher temperatures. Solar (stratospheric aerosol injection), on other hand, tends to “slow down” cycle while reducing potential evapotranspiration. There are two common definitions drought that take th...