1. Tropical montane forests house unusual and diverse biota and are considered highly vulnerable to climate change, particularly near the trade wind inversion (TWI) – the upper end of the cloud belt that defines tropical montane cloud forest (TMCF). The upper cloud belt has two possible futures: one hypothesis postulates a ‘lifting cloud base’, raising both the upper and lower ends of the cloud...

Thin-walled, open-ended, and well-aligned N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the quartz slides were synthesized by using acetonitrile as carbon sources. As-obtained products possess large thin-walled index (TWI, defined as the ratio of inner diameter and wall thickness of a CNT). The effect of temperature on the growth of CNTs using acetonitrile as the carbon source was also investigated. It is...

PURPOSE We evaluated the effect of different water immersion (WI) temperatures on post-exercise cardiac parasympathetic reactivation. METHODS Eight young, physically active men participated in four experimental conditions composed of resting (REST), exercise session (resistance and endurance exercises), post-exercise recovery strategies, including 15 min of WI at 15°C (CWI), 28°C (TWI), 38°C ...

Available water resources for agricultural irrigation have decreased worldwide in recent decades, prompting advances in water saving methods. In this study, soil water regime and water balance in a transplanted rice field with reduced irrigation (multiple shallow depth irrigations) in the Taihu Lake Basin of East China were observed and then evaluated using Hydrus-1D model during two consecutiv...

Acute negative and positive mood states have been linked with the development of undesirable and desirable health outcomes, respectively. Numerous factors acutely influence mood state, including exercise, caffeine ingestion, and macronutrient intake, but the influence of habitual total water intake remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to observe relationships between habitual water in...

Nowadays, through wall imaging (TWI) is an emerging topic of research in which one of the most important tasks is to minimize the clutter through which detection accuracy can be improved. Clutter in TWI is due to many reasons like wall coupling, antenna coupling, multiple reflections etc. To analyze the clutter reduction techniques, firstly we indigenously assembled a TWI system (i.e., step fre...

Accurately predicting soil moisture patterns in the landscape is a persistent challenge. In humid regions, topographic wetness indices (TWIs) are widely used to approximate relative soil moisture patterns. However, there are many ways to calculate TWIs and very few field studies have evaluated the different approaches – especially in the US. We calculated TWIs using over 400 unique formulations...

The dynamic development of terrestrial and aquatic environments in boreal catchments is controlled by the factors of parent material, climate, topography, biota, time, and anthropogenic activity. This thesis explores two of these factors, topography and the anthropogenic activity of forestry, as well as their control on the redistribution of solutes in the landscape. On a local scale for two un...