In this paper, the effects of CuO sintering aids on microstructure and electric properties are investigated for non-stoichiometric (Na0.48K0.473Li0.04Sr0.007)(Nb0.883Ta0.05Sb0.06Ti0.007)O3+x mol% lead free ceramics. As amounts equal 1 mol%, temperature is 975 °C piezoelectric parameters d33 = 200 pC/N, g33 38 (10−3 Vm/N), × 7600 (10−15 m2/N), kp 0.38, Qm 240, Pr 18.93 μC/cm2 EC 8.75 kV/cm. The ...

This article combines an orientation to credit risk modeling with an introduction to affine Markov processes, which are particularly useful for financial modeling. We emphasize corporate credit risk and the pricing of credit derivatives. Applications of affine processes that are mentioned include survival analysis, dynamic term-structure models, and option pricing with stochastic volatility and...

Banks are growing ever larger compared to their national economies. We show that increases in relative bank size (measured as a bank’s liabilities divided by national GDP) are linked to banks displaying higher tail risk. This effect is not entirely due to risk channels that disproportionately expose relatively large banks to systematic tail risks, sovereign risks, or banking crises. Instead, we...

This paper investigates information disclosures made by the chairpersons of boards of directors in 120 failing UK companies. There are four main findings. Firstly, chairpersons excessively blame poor performance on exogenous factors rather than managerial decisions. Secondly, almost half of chairpersons do not candidly disclose problems that are apparent when they write their statements. Thirdl...

Brander and Lewis (AER, 1986) show that ...rms with limited liability can use debt to commit to aggressive behavior in Cournot markets. In our duopoly experiments, we ...nd that subjects choose much less debt than predicted by theory. Although subjects try to exploit the strategic advantage of debt, they do not (want to) acknowledge possible strategic advantages of opponents’ debt. Replacing qu...

In a diffusion model of an enterprise with variable scale, conditions are given for the maximization of ‘profit’ (expected total discounted withdrawals) to lead to bankruptcy almost surely. The optimal withdrawal policy is an ‘overflow policy’: the withdrawal rate is zero if the asset level is below a ‘barrier’, and equal to the maximum rate if the asset level is at least equal to the barrier. ...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline leading to dementia. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a ubiquitous type I transmembrane (TM) protein sequentially processed to generate the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), the major constituent of senile plaques that are typical AD lesions. There is a growing body of evidence that...

شاخص سطح برگ استخراج‌شده (LAI) از تصاویر سنجش دور پارامتر مهمی، به‌منظور مدل‌سازی مکانی تولید پوشش گیاهی، محسوب می‌شود. معمولاً شاخص‌های گیاهی که با بازتاب طول موج‌های قرمز و مادون نزدیک محاسبه می‌شوند، در برآورد LAI استفاده روش‌های آماری، به‌کار می‌روند اما بسیاری این شاخص‌ها مقادیر متفاوت به اشباع می‌رسند. برای رفع محدودیت، محدودة لبة شده است؛ بنابراین، باید قابلیت داده‌های دور، ذرت علوفه‌ای، ...

Optimizing renewable energy harvesting is of major importance in the following decades. In order to increase performance and efficiency, an ideal balance mechanical piezoelectric properties must be targeted. For this purpose, approach ceramic auxetic honeycomb structures made (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3 (BCZT) which produced via injection molding considered. The main design parameter structural angle ? va...