The sympathetic outflow appears to be capable of displaying a rhythmicity synchronous with cardiovascular Mayer's waves even after spinal section. To test the hypothesis that spinal sympathetic low frequency (LF) oscillation can be enhanced during sympathetic excitation, we recorded cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), R-R interval, arterial pressure, and ventilation in 9 unanesthetized de...

Elucidation of the interaction between the muscle mechanoreflex and the arterial baroreflex is essential for better understanding of sympathetic regulation during exercise. We characterized the effects of these two reflexes on sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in anesthetized rabbits (n = 7). Under open-loop baroreflex conditions, we recorded renal SNA at carotid sinus pressure (CSP) of 40, 80, ...

This study compared the baroreflex control of lumbar and renal sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in conscious rats. Arterial pressure (AP) and lumbar and renal SNA were simultaneously recorded in six freely behaving rats. Pharmacological estimates of lumbar and renal sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were obtained by means of the sequential intravenous administration of sodium nitroprussi...

NINOMIYA, ISHIO, AYA IRISAWA, AND NAOKO NISIMARU. Nonuniformity of sympathetic nerve activity to the skin and kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 224(Z) : 256-264. 1973.-The effects of baroceptor reflex on the sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to the skin and kidney were compared in anesthetized cats. Grouped SNA synchronous with cardiac cycle and respiration was not the major pattern in the skin nerve. Wit...

The adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin, has emerged as an important regulator of regional sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) with pathophysiological implications in obesity. Genetically engineered mice are useful to understand the molecular pathways underlying the SNA responses evoked by leptin. However, so far the effect of leptin on direct SNA in mice has been studied under general anesthesia. H...

Technological threats to privacy are not limited to data protection. Social Network Applications (SNA) and ubiquitous computing or Ambient Intelligence face other privacy risks. The business model of SNA and the improvement of data mining allow social computation. SNA Regulation should then favor privacy-by design and Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET). Default friendly-privacy policies shoul...