Generally, conceptual data models, such as E-R, NIAM, ORM, and UML, are used for modeling relational database schema. Another object database schema design, e.g. Semantic Object Model (SOM), is employed. We use SOM in our research work. The reasons, SOM can capture more meaning of an application environment and provides richer data structuring capabilities. Therefore, it is a powerful approach ...

The self-organising map (SOM) and its variant, visualisation induced SOM (ViSOM), have been known to yield similar results to multidimensional scaling (MDS). However, the exact connection has not been established. In this paper, a review on the SOM and its cost function and topological measures is provided first. We then examine the exact scaling effect of the SOM and ViSOM from their objective...

This paper presents a Service-Oriented Process Model (SOM) to build a web-services based process management system, called MIDAS that would support distributed Design and Manufacturing process. SOM uses OWL specification, and describes the semantics of the design process with an underlying mathematical mode, Process Grammar, which supports dynamic process creation and enactment. The rich semant...

Self-organizing maps (SOM) have been recognized as a powerful tool in data exploratoration, especially for the tasks of clustering on high dimensional data. However, clustering on categorical data is still a challenge for SOM. This paper aims to extend standard SOM to handle feature values of categorical type. A batch SOM algorithm (NCSOM) is presented concerning the dissimilarity measure and u...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), abundant in mixed contaminant sites, often coexist with heavy metals. The fate and remediation of PAHs depend heavily on the sorption and desorption behavior of these contaminants. The sorption behavior can in turn be highly affected by certain soil components and properties, such as soil organic matter (SOM) and the presence of heavy metals. Through rev...

Some reports have outlined many different treatment strategies for superior oblique myokymia (SOM) that attempt to reduce or eliminate patients' symptoms of monocular oscillopsia and/or diplopia. Most treatment strategies have focused solely on oral medications or invasive surgery. The following is a current and critical review of SOM along with its clinical findings/symptoms, demographics, the...