the ple2scx vector was developed for the stable expression of exogenous genes in the protozoan parasite leishmania. the ple2scx construct contains three independent selection markers: herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk), cytosine deaminase (cd) and streptothericin acetyltransferase gene (sat) in multiple cloning site, flanking by 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions of the previously clone...

objective(s) galectin-3 (gal-3) is a member of the b-galactoside-binding lectins which is expressed in a variety of tissues and plays a role in diverse biological events, such as embryogenesis, adhesion, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. in this study, the presence and distribution of galectin-3 (gal-3) in the mouse testicular tissue was investigated. materials and methods eight adult nmri...

of 164 cerebral spinal fl uid s amples received, 100 or 60 .9% were f rom pati ent s wi t h s uspected bacteria l meningi t is . the positive cul t ure r ate f or a l 1 the samples was 24' or 40% if on l y t he csf sample s from menigi t is patients are included. the most common caus e of menigitis in the newborn wa s the gram negative b a c i l l i . etiological agents i n i nfants from two mo...

background: interleukin (il)-8 plays important roles in the recruitment and activation of immune cells during visceral leishmaniasis (vl). genetic variations in il-8 modulate the expression of il-8 protein and may be associated with vl. this study aimed to evaluate polymorphisms at the il-8 −251 position in vl patients. methods: this cross-sectional study was performed on three groups: leishman...

the synthesis of 1,5-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (17); (1,5-dha) was accomplished during, attempts towards the synthesis one of its derivatives called anthralin (1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone) which is known as an antipsoriasis drug since 1916 [1]. this work is a new reigiospecilic preparation of 1,5-dha based on friedel-crafts reaction starting from 1,4-dimethoxybenzene. this synthetic route, in a...

background: h e r2/ n eu i so n e o ftheepi de rmalg r owth f actor r e c e pt o rsfami l i e s andsee m stohaveprognosticsignificanceofsomesolid t umors.theo b jecti v eof thisstu d yistoevaluatet h epossi b ilityofher2ex p ressioningastricca n cersand the p o s si b le r e lat i o n ship o fh e r2withtumo r ’scli n icopat h o l o gicpara m e te r sa n d a l s oits pr o gno s tic r o l e .   m...

synthesis of some new monocyclic β-lactams containing a quaternary carbon center via a [2+2]cycloaddition reaction is described. the reaction of achiral diphenyl ketene with chiral aldimines derivedfrom chiral 2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-o-acetyl-β-d-galactopyranosylamine, 2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-o-acetyl-β-dglucopyranosylamine and different benzaldehydes resulted in the formation of β-lactams as singlediastereo...

background:   objective: we evaluated the icsi outcome in our program for (htlv-1) serodiscordant couples (sdcs) with the female infected in comparison with control group.   materials and methods: this study was performed between 2007 and 2011 in novin infertility treatment center (mashhad, iran). we examined 32 icsi cycles of htlv-1 infected women in comparison with an age matched control grou...

objectives: the onset of multiple sclerosis in the majority of the cases occurs as a clinically isolated syndrome (cis). we sought to assess serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25-ohd) in cis patients and healthy controls. methods: in this cross-sectional study 40 patients (36 women and 4 men) with cis manifesting as a single isolated optic neuritis and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls...