Wireless networks and the voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) have recently been widely adapted. VoIP services over Ad-hoc network can be accomplished by middleware embedded in mobile devices. In this study, we have implemented an intelligent VoIP system with embedded pseudo session initiation protocol (SIP) server in an Ad-hoc network. We employed the standard SIP protocol and integrated SIP p...

In Internet telephony, there must be a means by which new services are created and deployed rapidly. In the World Wide Web, the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) has served as popular means towards programming web services. Due to the similarities between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), CGI seems a good candidate for service creation in a SIP envi...

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is widely used for establishing multimedia sessions, and chosen as the signaling protocol in the 3GPP standards. It also attracts many attempts to deploy SIP in a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET). However, traditional SIP end points rely on SIP servers to discover one another and exchange SIP messages, which becomes a challenge due to lack of such server-based com...

In recent years Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) has become a popular multimedia application over the Internet. At the same time critical security issues in VoIP have started to emerge. The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a predominant signalling protocol for VoIP. It is used to establish, maintain and terminate VoIP calls, playing a crucial role in VoIP. This paper is aimed at developi...

Session Initiation Protocol, SIP, provides controlplane signaling for the IP networks. SIP enables initiating, modifying and terminating sessions for a user, while maintaining neutrality to physical media capabilities and using other protocols to negotiate these. SIP assumes that the transport layer is inherently unreliable and as such provides transport layer mechanisms. For target device disc...

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a multimedia signalling protocol that has evolved into a widely adopted communication standard. The integration of SIP into existing IP networks has fostered IP networks becoming a convergence platform for both realtime and non-real-time multimedia communications. This converged platform integrates data, voice, video, presence, messaging, and conference ...

BACKGROUND Shc and Grb2 form a complex in cells in response to growth factor stimulation and link tyrosine kinases to Ras during the resulting signaling process. Shc and Grb2 each contain domains that mediate interactions with other unidentified intracellular proteins. For example, the Shc PTB domain binds to 130 kDa and 145 kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in response to stimulation of cel...

Voice over IP (VoIP) is gaining more popularity in today's communications. The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is becoming one of the dominant VoIP signalling protocol[1, 2], however it is vulnerable to many kinds of attacks. Among these attacks, flood-based denial of service attacks have been identified as the major threat to SIP. Even though a great deal of research has been carried out to ...