The quinolones inhibit the essential bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which alter DNA topology after inserting a double-stranded break. DNA gyrase exists as an A2B2 tetramer, encoded by the gyrA and gyrB genes, and catalyses negative DNA supercoiling. Topoisomerase IV exists as a C2E2 tetramer encoded by the parC and parE genes, and is involved in chromosome partitioning. Prev...

In this paper we try to combine experiences gained in the Machine Translation project with research concerning the default extension of the terminological representation system BACK. We analyze various types of ambiguities that are problematic for translation and show that disambiguation is possible on the basis of default assumptions. Some of these defaults form preference rule systems, while ...

This study was undertaken in order to identify and describe the nature of socialization of females into sport. A fixed-alternative questionnaire was administered to 585 women who were currently active in sport. Results indicated that peers and family were the significant agents of socialization during childhood, peers and school were aost significant during adolescence, and peers were most sign...

8 Elementary operations and the rank of a matrix 25 8.1 Gauss transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8.2 Elementary row operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.3 The augmented matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.4 Row reducing a matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8.5 Elem...

This article presents evidence that individual words and phrases can contribute multiple independent pieces of meaning simultaneously. Such multidimensionality is a unifying theme of the literature on conventional implicatures and expressives. I use phenomena from discourse, semantic composition, and morphosyntax to detect and explore various dimensions of meaning. I also argue that, while the ...

Understanding macromolecular function often relies on the comparison of different structural models of a molecule. In such a comparative analysis, the identification of the part of the molecule that is conformationally invariant with respect to a set of conformers is a critical step, as the corresponding subset of atoms constitutes the reference for subsequent analysis for example by least-squa...