BACKGROUND Availability of a Skilled Birth Attendant (SBA) during childbirth is a key indicator for MDG5 and a strategy for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality in Africa. There is limited information on how SBAs and their functions are defined. The aim of this study was to map the cadres of health providers considered SBAs in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA); to describe which signal functions of ...

The SBAS, satellite-based augmentation system, is basically the wide-area differential GPS (WADGPS) effective for numerous users within continental service area. For a practical investigation of wide-area augmentation technique, the authors have implemented the prototype system of the SBAS. It has achieved positioning accuracy of 0.3 to 0.6 meter in horizontal and 0.4 to 0.8 meter in vertical, ...

Early recognition can reduce maternal disability and deaths due to postpartum haemorrhage. This study identified cultural theories of postpartum bleeding that may lead to inappropriate recognition and delayed care-seeking. Qualitative and quantitative data obtained through structured interviews with 149 participants living in Matlab, Bangladesh, including women aged 18-49 years, women aged 50+ ...

BACKGROUND In many low- and middle-income countries women are encouraged to give birth in clinics and hospitals so that they can receive care from skilled birth attendants. A skilled birth attendant (SBA) is a health worker such as a midwife, doctor, or nurse who is trained to manage normal pregnancy and childbirth. (S)he is also trained to identify, manage, and refer any health problems that a...

The incorporation of multiple constellations into satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS) may lead to cases where there are more corrected satellites in view than a receiver has tracking channels. This paper addresses two related topics: identifying the most important satellites to track in order to provide availability; and identifying a recommended number of channels. Previously, the SBAS...

Taking into account the widespread availability of aRea NAVigation (RNAV) capabilities onboard the aircraft and in particular the increasing use of GNSS systems, navigation is moving from conventional towards RNAV. RNAV is a method of navigation which permits aircraft operations on any desired flight path within the coverage of referenced navigation aids, prescribed limits of selfcontained aids...