To further characterize the chlamydial cytadhesin (CCA), we have examined it for saturability of binding to HeLa cells that were grown as monolayers and in suspension. The CCA exhibited specific cytadherence properties of binding to HeLa cells that appeared to be saturable. The CCA showed a substantial decrease in binding to trypsin-treated HeLa cells in suspension. This finding, together with ...

In a practical system, a message is often encrypted more than once by different encryptions, here called multiple encryption, to enhance its security. Additionally, new features may be achieved by multiple encrypting a message, such as the key-insulated cryptosystems and anonymous channels. Intuitively, a multiple encryption should remain “secure”, whenever there is one component cipher unbreak...

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a lethal malignancy afflicting many thousands of patients throughout the world, develops through a multi-step progression. We have established an oral thioacetamide-induced model of rat CCA recapitulating the histologic progression of human CCA, especially for mass-forming CCA (MF-CCA). Our previous DNA microarray study showed MUC4 is overexpressed in rat CCA. Herein, ...

OBJECTIVE To meta-analyze published data about the diagnostic accuracy of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) for primary tumor evaluation in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCa). METHODS A comprehensive literature search of studies published through December 31, 2013, was performed. Pooled sensitivity and specifi...

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a common carcinoma of the liver, and the majority of patients with CCA have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective nonsurgical therapies in addition to its rapid progression and inoperability at the time of diagnosis. The development of novel nonsurgical therapeutics that efficiently target CCA could significantly improve the prognosis for patients presenting ...

Congenital choanal atresia (CCA), especially the bilateral form, is a rare neonatal emergency. Its incidence is usually quoted as 1 in 5000 8000 live-births. [1] However, a recent epidemiological study involving more than 2.2 million deliveries suggests that CCA is extremely rare with a calculated incidence of 3 to 9 per 100,000 livebirths. [2] Athena is fascinated by CCA not only due to its ra...

BACKGROUND Promising results have been reported for a urine circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) test for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni. We assessed the accuracy of a commercially available CCA cassette test (designated CCA-A) and an experimental formulation (CCA-B) for S. mansoni diagnosis. METHODOLOGY We conducted a cross-sectional survey in three settings of Côte d'Ivoire: settings A ...