1170 Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2006 Several infection risk factors exist simultaneously in this situation. In a CL-endemic area, immigrant populations, who are mostly nonimmune, exert pressure on the environment (deforestation) that directly increases their risk for exposure to infected vectors, in the absence of prophylactic measures. The initial sho...

The prepatent period of the Ilan strain of S. japonicum in three rhesus monkeys varied from 42 to 78 days (avg. 56.3) ; in an equal number of monkeys, the Japanese strain, from 37 to 40 days (avg. 39.3). Only 28 schistosomes were recovered from the three monkeys infected with the Ilan strain compared to 145 from the three monkeys infected with the Japanese strain. The body length of worms showe...

Dermatophytes are a group of filamentous fungi that cause infections of the skin (see Figure 1 for diseases, Figure 2 for typical dermatophyte species). Diseases caused by dermatophytes include athlete’s foot, ringworm, jock itch, and nail infections (onychomycosis). The medical terminology for dermatophyte infections is to use the word tinea (to denote a fungal infection of the skin) followed ...

Tinea unguium is a common mycosis in many part of the world including Iran. The prevalence of this mycosis varied depending on time, health level and geographical location. To stabilise the etiological, epidemiological and risk factors of tinea unguium in North-west Iran, a study of patients with suspected dermatophyte infections of their nails was carried out between 1996 and 2004. During this...

Trichophyton mentagrophytes is a keratinophylic fungus belonging to a homogeneous group of fungi called the dermatophytes. The dermatophytes cause a variety of cutaneous infections in humans and animals. T. mentagrophytes has at least five different variants which make up the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex. Two perfect states Arthroderma benhamiae and Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii have been ...

The recurrent evolutionary emergence of asexual lineages within sexual zoo- and anthropophilic dermatophyte species living in animal-frequented soil is likely to be triggered by changes in ecological niche, i.e., shifts of host animal. Subsequent adaptation to the new host species is noted. Sometimes geographic isolation or intrinsic host factors like human race may also play a role in speciati...

To evaluate the risk of malaria transmission resumption in Morocco, we have studied the current level of receptivity of the region of the last malaria focus in the country. Anopheles (Anopheles) maculipennis labranchiae and Anopheles (Cellia) sergentii, the major vectors of malaria in Morocco, are still presents but their anthropopathic index was low and no parasite positive samples were detect...

Introduction: Tinea capitis is an infection caused by dermatophytes which have a particular affinity for keratin. Its prevalence decreased significantly in developed countries due to the improvement of sanitary conditions and socioeconomic level. However, they are still common in developing countries including Tunisia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and mycol...

To test for the effects of host accessibility on blood-feeding behavior, we assessed degrees of anthropophily of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae at two stages of the behavioral sequence of host foraging, in a rice growing area near Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, where humans are not readily accessible because of years of generalized use of (mostly non-impregnated) bed nets. First, pattern...

The eco-epidemiology of T. cruzi infection was investigated in the Eastern border of the Panama Canal in Central Panama. Between 1999 and 2000, 1110 triatomines were collected: 1050 triatomines (94.6%) from palm trees, 27 (2.4%) from periurban habitats and 33 (3.0%) inside houses. All specimens were identified as R. pallescens. There was no evidence of vector domiciliation. Salivary glands from...