Zidovudine is an antiretroviral drug commonly used in the treatment HIV infection. But it is very bitter in taste and sparingly soluble in water. Thus the purpose of this investigation was to formulate and evaluate taste masked dispersible tablets of zidovudine. Dispersible tablets of zidovudine were prepared using crosscarmellose sodium (Ac-di-sol) as disintegrant. Surelease clear (E-7-19010) ...

INTRODUCTION In resource limited settings patients on antiretroviral treatment who develop stavudine induced hyperlactatemia are often switched to zidovudine on the basis of published studies that demonstrate that this agent can be a safe alternative. CASE REPORT We describe here a case of a 60 year old female that experienced a relapse of symptomatic hyperlactatemia after being switched from...

CONTEXT Postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) via breastfeeding reverses gains achieved by perinatal antiretroviral interventions. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of 2 infant feeding strategies for the prevention of postnatal mother-to-child HIV transmission. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS A 2 x 2 factorial randomized clinical trial with peripartum (sing...

Myelosuppression is a major symptom in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Moreover zidovudine, an anti-retroviral drug used to treat AIDS patients has myelosuppressive side effects. Therefore treatment with IL-3, a multi-lineage hemopoietic growth factor may be beneficial for zidovudine-treated individuals. In this study we examined the effect of IL-3 on human immunodeficiency virus...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present investigation was to analyze the effets of zidovudine on the postimplantation embryo and fetus. METHODS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given various doses (10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg) of zidovudine or saline by an endotracheal tube during the period of embryogenesis (days 6-8, 9-11, 6-11 postconception). The animals were sacrificed on days 18-19 of p...

Several anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors were evaluated for their antiviral activities against porcine endogenous retrovirus in human cells. Among the test compounds, zidovudine was found to be the most active. The order of potency was zidovudine > phosphonylmethoxyethoxydiaminopyrimidine = phosphonylmethoxypropyldiaminopurine > tenofovir > or = adefovir...

Mutations at reverse transcriptase codons 44, 118, 207, and 208 were significantly correlated with reduced zidovudine susceptibility in biologically cloned human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. Sequences from the Stanford HIV RT and Protease Sequence Database showed that these mutations were more common in HIV-1 isolates from patients treated with zidovudine and lamivudine than ...

To optimize nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nRTI) antiretroviral therapy, 137 subjects who had been treated with didanosine monotherapy for more than 3 years in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 175 study were randomized to zidovudine and didanosine (dual therapy) or zidovudine, didanosine, and lamivudine (triple therapy). Evaluation of early (8 week) change in HIV plasma RNA de...

There are limited data describing the concentrations of zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine in nursing infants as a result of transfer via breast milk. The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study is a phase IIb open-label trial of prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum maternal treatment with zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine from 34 weeks of gestation to 6 months postpartum. In a pharmacokinetic sub...

This cohort study was conducted amongst female patients manifesting lipoatrophy while receiving stavudine-containing first-line antiretroviral treatment regimens at two urban health centres in Rwanda. The objectives were to assess weight evolution after stavudine substitution and to describe any significant difference in weight evolution when zidovudine or tenofovir/abacavir was used for substi...