Background: Trehalose, a non-permeable disaccharide, has a protective role related both to osmotic effect and specific interactions with membrane phospholipids, rendering hypertonic media, causing cellular osmotic dehydration before freezing, and then decreasing the amount of cell injury by ice crystallization. Within this study, an attempt was made to evaluation of two levels of 50 and 100 mM ...

Two-thirds of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are women, owing largely to the fact that women outlive men (https://www.alz.org/ downloads/facts_figures_2012.pdf). Women’s increased longevity, however, is not sufficient to explain the fact that women are 1.5 times more likely than men to develop the disease (Gao et al., 1998). After age 80, the incidence of AD is much higher in women t...

Two-thirds of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are women, owing largely to the fact that women outlive men (https://www.alz.org/ downloads/facts_figures_2012.pdf). Women’s increased longevity, however, is not sufficient to explain the fact that women are 1.5 times more likely than men to develop the disease (Gao et al., 1998). After age 80, the incidence of AD is much higher in women t...

Background: Spermatozoa preservation is an approach to improve the fertility rate to pass on the valuable genetic material from sire to their offspring. During the last 20 years, reproductive biotechnologists have focused on the approaches that improve spermatozoa cryosurvival. One of the possible mechanisms is supplementation in semen extender. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluat...

background: spermatozoa preservation is an approach to improve the fertility rate to pass on the valuable genetic material from sire to their offspring. during the last 20 years, reproductive biotechnologists have focused on the approaches that improve spermatozoa cryosurvival. one of the possible mechanisms is supplementation in semen extender. objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate...

persian manuscripts were produced during the second century until the forth one in iran. iranians had experiences about painting in pre-islamic era, so they played an important role in creating art works such as miniature, illuminated pages in islamic civilization after the emergence of islam. in the first centuries of emerging islam, beautiful transcription, ornamentation of quran were honors ...

Cannabinol (CBN), an immunosuppressive cannabinoid and ligand for the peripheral cannabinoid receptor CB2, inhibits the cAMP signaling cascade in forskolin-stimulated thymocytes. The objective of the present studies was to further characterize the mechanism of CBN immune modulation by investigating its effects on interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion, cAMP response element (CRE), and kB DNA binding ac...

Detailed comparative spectroscopic studies of Nd doped YAG nanocrystals, transparent ceramic and single crystal have been performed. Although most of the radiative spectral properties of Nd are almost in good agreement between the three hosts, the non-radiative losses are significantly high in nanocrystals, which are attributed due to the presence of large amount of hydroxyl groups on the nanoc...