rubella or german measles is a mild contagious disease in non-pregnant women, but in pregnant affected mother’s possibility of fetus infection in the first twelve weeks of gestation is 80%. between 13-14 weeks of gestation is 54% and by the end of the second trimester is 25%. if fetus gets infected severe anomalies will progress. at present no vaccination against rubella is begin envisaged by t...

Unequal power and gender norms expose adolescent girls to higher risks of HIV, early marriages, pregnancies and coerced sex. In Uganda, almost half of the girls below the age of 18 are already married or pregnant, which poses a danger to the lives of young girls. This study explores the social construction of gender norms from early childhood, and how it influences adolescents' agency. Contrary...

AIMS To determine the percentage of children and young adults who are obese or overweight within different ethnic and socioeconomic groups. METHODS Secondary analysis of data on 5689 children and young adults aged 2-20 years from the 1999 Health Survey for England. RESULTS Twenty three per cent of children (n = 1311) were overweight, of whom 6% (n = 358) were obese. More girls than boys wer...

OBJECTIVES Prophylactic vaccination of youngwomen aged 16 to 26 years with the 9-valent (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particle (9vHPV) vaccine prevents infection and disease. We conducted a noninferiority immunogenicity study to bridge the findings in young women to girls and boys aged 9 to 15 years. METHODS Subjects (N = 3066) received a 3-dose regimen of ...

BACKGROUND To investigate how social support relates to mental health problems for Belgian late adolescents and young adults 15-25 years of age. Additionally, we examine changes in mental health problems between 2008 and 2013 and investigate gender differences. METHODS Multivariate analysis of variance was used to investigate (1) psychological distress, (2) anxiety and (3) depression among 71...

We investigated age-related changes and sex differences in adaptability of anticipatory postural control in children. Subjects comprised 449 children (4-12 years old) and 109 young adults (18-29 years old). Subjects stood with eyes closed on a force-platform fixed to a floor oscillator. We conducted five trials of 1-minute oscillation (0.5 Hz frequency, 2.5 cm amplitude) in the anteroposterior ...

BACKGROUND Infant feeding and caregiving by adolescent girls and young women in rural Bangladesh remains relatively understudied despite high potential vulnerability of younger mothers and their children due to poverty and high rates of early marriage and childbearing. This key knowledge gap may hamper the effectiveness of maternal, infant and child health interventions not specifically tailore...