collagens are the most abundant proteins in the human body. their main function is to provide structural and mechanical support for the tissues, but they are also involved in a number of other biological functions including cell attachment, migration and differentiation. collagens and gelatins are widely used in pharmaceutical and medical applications. every year, more than 50,000 tons of colla...

The role of pyruvate metabolism in the triggering of aerobic, alcoholic fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied. Since Candida utilis does not exhibit a Crabtree effect. this yeast was used as a reference organism. The localization, activity and kinetic properties of pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1), the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.1) i...

Yeasts are easily grown unicellular eukaryotes. They are ubiquitous microorganisms, occuring in soil, fresh and marine water, animals, on plants and also in foods. The environment presents for yeast a source of nutrients and forms space for their growth and metabolism. On the other hand, yeast cells are continuously exposed to a myriad of changes in environmental conditions. These conditions de...

All aerial plant surfaces are inhabited by diverse assemblages of microorganisms, including bacteria, fi lamentous fungi, yeasts, and algae. These organisms have profound effects on plant health and thus impact on the ecosystem (Lindow and Brandl, 2003). The yeasts form a major component of the population on leaves (Inácio et al., 2002). Leaf surfaces are colonized by members of several genera ...

The inhibition of growth of Histoplasma capsulatum by Candida albicans and other yeasts on Sabouraud's agar was investigated. Histoplasma (yeast-phase inoculum) was grown alone and in mixtures with yeasts at 25 C for 4-week periods. As few as 10 colonies of C. albicans completely inhibited the growth of approximately 50,000 potential colonies of Histoplasma. The pH was determined in cultures of...

citrus blast caused by species of pseudomonas spp. is one of the most important citrus diseases in north of iran. this disease causes considerable losses to citrus orchards in conducive climatic conditions. due to restrictions on the use of antibiotics and chemical compounds, biological control and use of plant antimicrobial compounds can be an effective way to control citrus blast disease. in ...

Nitrogen sources in the must are important for yeast metabolism, growth, and performance, and wine volatile compounds profile. Yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) deficiencies in grape must are one of the main causes of stuck and sluggish fermentation. The nitrogen requirement of Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism has been described in detail. However, the YAN preferences of non-Saccharomyces yea...