Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited genetic disorder of tyrosine metabolism that causes the urine to turn black on contact with the air when homogentisic acid is oxidized to form a pigment-like polymer material [1,2]. The earliest sign of the disorder is the tendency for babies’ diapers to stain black; later on in childhood and early adulthood, there is an asymptomatic, progressive deposition of t...

Introduction: One of the essential requirements for effi cient oral and maxillofacial surgeon is comprehensive knowledge in anatomy of head and neck regions. Authors believe that asking students to draw anatomical sketches will assist them to improve their imaginary memory for human anatomy. However, drawing, as learning aid in anatomy, has not been given enough attention as a learning aid for ...

Since June 4, 2004, asthma diagnosed and symptomatic after the age of 12 years has been an exclusion criterion for military enlistment unless exempted via medical waiver. The Department of Defense determined that 13% of U.S. Army Medic visits in Iraq are for new-onset acute respiratory illness; case reports of veterans with asthma that began in Iraq and Afghanistan War zones have surfaced. This...

Little is known about mental health services utilization among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans receiving care at Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities. Of 49,425 veterans with newly diagnosed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), only 9.5% attended 9 or more VA mental health sessions in 15 weeks or less in the first year of diagnosis. In addition, engagement in 9 or more VA treatment ses...

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristic, presentation, complications in patients with congenital coagulation disorders who attended the Congenital Coagulation Disorders Center, Baghdad, Iraq. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Center of Congenital Coagulation Disorders, Al-Mansour Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq between March 2008 and August 2008. The sa...

The water issue has posed a great challenge in the past twenty years most Arab countries, including Iraq particular, due to establishment of many dams by Turkey, which led decrease annual rate resources and non-compliance with international law trans-boundary management. west is considered as an arid region suffers scarcity rain, severe drought seriously affected terms quality quantity. In this...

Background: pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the most global dangerous infectious diseases worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) agent that caused PTB transferred by air droplets from person to other. In present epidemiological study, we aimed ...

Developed countries are interested in the retired segment and provide them with many services such as medical care, housing entertainment, whether it is between his family or homes of elderly, discrepancy world retirement age, but Iraq a large number referred to when they reach civil legal age (60 years). Al-Askari (50 years) has service no less than (15 years), noted that residents increased y...