abstract background: the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (tram) flap remains the gold standard for postmastectomy reconstruction either immediate or delayed. however, transfer of tram flap can be associated with donor site morbidities and complications in flap. a successful reconstruction consists of careful patient selection, surgical technique and meticulous preoperative planning...

Background: Pressure ulcers are defined as lesions of ischemic etiology in the skin or soft tissue. These lesions are secondary to increased external pressure and usually occur over bony prominences. Classification of various stages of pressure ulcers is important for the development of therapeutic strategies. The fundamental surgical treatments are debridement and excision of underlying bursa ...

A lthough the management of cleft lip and palate has improved significantly during the last years, repairing oronasal fistulae is still a challenge. Reports of the incidence of postoperative fistu-lae following palate repair range from 10% to 20%. 1 Several techniques are reported for the treatment of oronasal fistula, such as local mucoperiosteal flap, V-Y 2-layer repair, superior lip mucosal ...

The subcutaneous pedicled V-Y advancement flap is useful for the repair of small and medium-sized defects in areas where it is easy to obtain a good subcutaneous pedicle (upper lip, cheek, eyebrow, and nasal tip and ala). The almost complete absence of subcutaneous tissue on the anterior aspect of the auricle of the ear can limit the use of this approach in this region. We present 4 patients in...

Medium to large defects on the dorsal hand pose a reconstructive challenge following dermatologic surgery. Repairs in this location can be complicated by paucity of adjacent tissue reservoirs, competing tension vectors, thin cutaneous tissue, and superficial tendons vasculature. In such cases, double V-Y island pedicle flap is an effective solution. It preserves function, harnesses local with r...

  Background: Electrical injury is daily compromise of our life and upper and lower extremities   are common sites of injury .   Case Presentation: A 23 years old man who had suffered high voltage electrical injury referred   to our center. He had severe left upper extremity burn and suffered from head and thoracic   injuries due to falling down from high altitude.   Treatment: Fasciotomy of th...

PURPOSE To establish morphologic and functional changes in the rat cornea after 20% ethanol-mediated epithelial flap creation. METHODS The epithelial flap was detached using 20% ethanol and then repositioned. On the other eye, the corneal epithelium was mechanically scraped. The morphologic changes were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy (LM and TEM). Terminal deoxynucleot...

OBJECTIVE Several devices exist today to assist the intraoperative determination of skin flap perfusion. Laser-Assisted Indocyanine Green Dye Angiography (LAICGA) has been shown to accurately predict mastectomy skin flap necrosis using quantitative perfusion values. The laser properties of the latest LAICGA device (SPY Elite) differ significantly from its predecessor system (SPY 2001), preventi...