Workers decommissioning the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant damaged from the Great East Japan Earthquake and resulting tsunami are at risk of injury with possible contamination from radioactive heavy atoms including actinides, such as plutonium. We propose a new methodology for on-site and rapid evaluation of heavy-atom contamination in wounds using a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) dev...

A method of extracting net intensities for the element peaks in an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrum based on Bayes Theorem will be reviewed and discussed. The method has several advantages, among them that the total counts are preserved and that the a priori information is incorporated in a natural manner. These make it, for example, less sensitive to errors in the peak position, widths, and a...

Among the possible variants of X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), applications exploiting scanning Macro-XRF (MA-XRF) are lately widespread as they allow visualization element distribution maintaining a non-destructive approach. The surface is scanned with focused or collimated X-ray beam millimeters less: analyzing emitted fluorescence radiation, also elements present below contribute to elemental imag...

BACKGROUND Transbronchial biopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions is generally performed under X-ray fluoroscopy. Virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) is a method in which virtual images of the bronchial route to the lesion are produced based on CT images obtained before VBN, and the bronchoscope is guided using these virtual images, improving the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary lesi...

High energy synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) spectra for the forensic analysis of Wakayama arsenic poisoning case, Japan, were revisited. The spectra were measured at SPring-8 synchrotron facility by Nakai in December 1998 and Mo, Sn, Sb, and Bi were used as index elements at that time to demonstrate that the suspected saleswoman’s pesticide and that found near the curry pot we...

An XRF specimen preparation method was developed to quantify the concentration of gallium in plutonium metal while minimizing the risk of contaminating the instrument with radioactive material. To ensure that homogenous specimens are examined, plutonium is dissolved in dilute HCl and HNOJ prior to analysis. In the preliminary work here, non-radioactive aqueous gallium standards were prepared, a...

XRF (X-ray fluorescence) is a powerful technique for elemental analysis with a high sensitivity. The resolution is presently limited by the size of the primary excitation X-ray beam. A test-bed for confocal-type XRF has been developed to estimate the ultimate lateral resolution which could be reached in chemical mapping using this technique. A polycapillary lens is used to tightly focus the pri...

The development of highly efficient X-ray optics has allowed the development of bench-top XRF systems which have high intensity X-ray beams with diameters ranging from 10 micrometres through to a few millimetres. Coupled with integrated high magnification optical cameras, these systems are ideally suited to the needs of the forensic scientist. A microscopic particle from a crime scene can be an...

A novel and green approach for efficient and rapid synthesis of biologically active polyhydroquinoline derivatives via unsymmetric Hantzsch reaction using nanorods Vanadatesulfuric acid (VSA NRs) as a new and recyclable catalyst under solvent-free conditions was reported. The catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XRF and TEM analysis. The present method offers several advantages such as sim...

This article presents the method of extraction-preconcentration of Lead, Cadmium, and Nickel ions from food samples using the Ghezeljeh montmorillonite nanoclay (Geleh-Sar-Shoor) as a new native adsorbent in batch single component systems. The extractionpreconcentration of heavy metals were carried out by applying the solid phase extraction (SPE) method followed by atomic absorption spectroscop...