Currently, synthetic dyes are widely used to colour textile materials. However, safer and more sustainable bio-based alternatives currently being explored. In this context, by-products wastes from agricultural value chains have been investigated as potential sources of natural dyes. Nutshell promising because they abundant, contain interesting dye molecules such quinones easier handle their low...

decorate cloth. Although evidence of this art has been documented in many parts of the world, probably its origin is in the Island of Java, Indonesia. The word batik is derived from the Indonesian word ambatik, which means a cloth with little dots. Batik involves brushing or drawing molten wax onto designated areas of a cloth so that those areas can then resist coloration. Next, the cloth is dy...