Since biomass combustion is related to high emissions of particulate matter (PM), the International Energy Agency (IEA) Bioenergy Task 32 is promoting the implementation of technical measures for PM reduction. As a basis to set priorities and as a guideline for future regulations, emission factors from different types of combustion are of interest. The target of the present study is to collect ...

Direct burning is the most familiar way of producing energy from wood. Forest products industries are the main users of wood as fuel on a large scale, because they have much woody debris left over from milling and harvesting. The basic strategy is to reduce leftover wood to walnut-size or smaller particles. This size reduction is usually done by a "hog." Large pieces enter the top of the hog an...

Coastal bermudagrass hay was labeled with Cr by the Cr-mordant procedure and with 177Lu applied to the same fiber. Neutral detergent fiber prepared from the same Coastal bermudagrass hay was labeled with Yb, 169Yb, Tb and 160Tb by soaking overnight following by thorough washing and drying. Wood chips were similarly labeled with Sm or La, and Solka Floc was labeled with 147Nd and 141Ce. The carr...

The dulling of cemented carbide cutting tools after milling five African wood species was studied. The wood specimens investigated varied in high temperature corrosivity (HTC), hard mineral contamination (HMC), and density (D). Attempts to replace the combustion method of evaluating the content of natural HMC in wood with spectral mass analysis methods, such as energy dissipative spectrum (EDAX...

Wood is often combusted in small scale units for domestic heating. Although the total particle emission levels in Germany have declined steadily over the years, small scale wood combustion is an increasing source of indoor and outdoor air pollution. A novel space charge electrostatic precipitator (ESP) was developed for control of fine particle emissions control from wood combustion stoves and ...

This study was designed to determine the effects of particle emissions from biofuel combustion in household cooking devices, commonly used in rural India, on surface activity of model lung surfactants using Langmuir monolayers. The effect of wood and dried particles from combustion of cowdung on the surface activity of model lung surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), DPPC:PG (phosph...

Water washing of cottonseed meal is more cost-efficient and environmentally friendly than protein isolation by means of alkaline extraction and acidic precipitation. Thus, water-washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) is more promising as biobased wood adhesives. In this work, we examined the effects of the particle size on the morphology and adhesive performance of WCSM. Pilot-scale produced and dried W...

The survival of two hygienically relevant bacteria, Escherichia coli pIE639 and Enterococcus faecium, was followed on wooden sawdust of seven different European woods (pine, spruce, larch, beech, maple, poplar, and oak) versus polyethylene chips by using cultivationdependent and molecular-based methods in parallel. The survival of the bacteria on wood was dependent on various factors such as th...

utilization of the new compatibilizers to improve matrix/filler interface adhesion and also, nanoparticles to improve the properties of wpc products have always been of interest to researchers. in this study, the effect of oxidized polypropylene in solution phase as a comptibilizer and nanoclay particles on the physical and mechanical properties of wood fiber reinforced polypropylene composite ...