Ephigraphs of Kongu Nadu has the Evidence Women’s Contribution both from Royal Family and poverty-stricken family. Though disparate regions was ruled by various kings, evidence women’s contribution is found only in Pandyas, Cheras, Cholas. However, women at peak during Chozha Period. Women Clan provisioned with ability rights to maintain rejuvenate Temples. Devaradiyarkal contributed Gold coins...

While the CPI may have overstated inflation in the mid-1990s by about one percent per year, as concluded by the Boskin Commission, it does not make sense to extrapolate that rate of bias backwards over long periods of time. The "Hulten-Bruegel paradox" shows that any such exercise in backward extrapolation yields levels of real consumption two or four centuries ago that are implausibly low, bar...

Abstract Aims We aimed to improve documentation on general surgical ward rounds, through the introduction of a round template at single UK unit. Methods The structure was adapted from ‘Surgical Assessment for Emergencies Ward Round Tool’ produced by RCSEd, with modifications based local requirements. A retrospective audit performed 4 weeks electronic notes prior to, and after template. 2 chosen...

A six month prospective study of nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection was conducted in four general surgery wards and one urological surgery ward. Thirty eight cases were identified, representing 1% of the surgical admissions to these wards. Twenty eight of the infections followed abdominal surgery. Six patients died, five of whom had pre-existing cardiorespiratory disease. Potential pa...

BACKGROUND Patients undergoing intermediate-risk surgery are typically taken to the ward postoperatively. However, some may develop complications requiring intensive care later. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients undergoing intermediate-risk surgery who required late postoperative admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and determine the predictors for this. METHODS The s...