A common practice in Linguistics today is to analyze the meaning of natural language (NL) using logic. The meaning of a sentence is defined in terms of some truth conditions on a set-theoretical model structure. The translation from sentences to truth conditions is done via an intermediate precise logical language in a compositional way: each syntactic tree of a phrase in the NL is associated w...

Four experiments examined children's inferences about the relation between objects' internal parts and their causal properties. In Experiment 1, 4-year-olds recognized that objects with different internal parts had different causal properties, and those causal properties transferred if the internal part moved to another object. In Experiment 2, 4-year-olds made inferences from an object's inter...

Is Skim reading effective? How do readers allocate their attention selectively? The authors report 3 experiments that use expository texts and allow readers only enough time to read half of each document. Experiment 1 found that, relative to reading half the text, skimming improved memory for important ideas from a text but did not improve memory of less important details or of inferences made ...

the commentary of mir sayyed sharif jurjani on ibn hajib’s kafaya is the most valid persian commentary on this grammar book. jurjani has expressed the arabic grammar principles through an eloquent and simple language, yet in a robust and logical style. the discussion of triptote and diptote is among the most elaborate and complex topics of arabic grammar. however, jurjani has discussed differen...

Event-based Information Extraction (IE) is the task of identifying entities that play specific roles within an event described in free text. For example, given text documents containing descriptions of disease outbreak events, the goal of an IE system is to extract event role fillers, such as the disease, the victims, the location, the date, etc., of each disease outbreak described within the d...

The problem of deciding what is implied by a written text. of “reading between the lines” is the problem of text Inference. To extract proper inferences from a text requires a great deal of generol knowledge on the port of the reader. Past approaches have often used a “strong method” tuned to process a particular kind of knowledge structure (such OS a script, or a plan). The alternative is a “w...

Current results in basic Information Extraction tasks such as Named Entity Recognition or Event Extraction suggest that we are close to achieving a stage where the fundamental units for text understanding are put together; namely, predicates and their arguments. However, other layers of information, such as event modality, are essential for understanding, since the inferences derivable from fac...

Our goal is the automatic abstraction of journal articles, initially in the field of crop protection. We build a set of templates against which the original text is compared. The templates are designed so that they match the text at points of high information content, where inferences can be made about which expressions best reflect the content of the document. Strings found by matching templat...