We show that the flux distribution of a wind from a cool star differs considerably from what is predicted by the theory for mass loss from hot stars. The differences are caused by the facts that 1) themass loss rates are lower, resulting in smaller optical depths in the wind, and 2) for winds from cool stars the temperature of thewind is higher than the temperature of the star while for winds f...

We study the problem of estimating the mean of a multivariate distribution based on independent samples. The main result is the proof of existence of an estimator with a non-asymptotic sub-Gaussian performance for all distributions satisfying some mild moment assumptions.

This paper gives a proof of existence of price equilibria under certain parameters for a model of product differentiation commonly used in the empirical geographic differentiation literature. This proof is needed because the assumptions of Caplin and Nalebuff (1991) are not generally satisfied once data is introduced to geographic models. The theorem also has implications for existence in mixed...

Aims. The classic Weber-Davis model of the solar wind is reconsidered by incorporating alpha particles and by allowing the solar wind to flow out of the equatorial plane in an axisymmetrical configuration. Methods. In the ion momentum equations of the solar wind, the ion gyro-frequency is many orders of magnitude higher than any other frequency. This requires that the difference between proton ...

The launch of the Haiyang-2 (HY-2) satellite constellation fosters quick acquisition global sea surface vector winds from perspective remote sensing. This study intends to develop a six-hourly mesoscale analysis based on microwave scatterometers onboard HY-2 series, with objective meeting considerable demand for accurate and gap-free ocean wind forcing products. First, accuracy (HSCATs) in meas...

In this article, we study the existence of non-trivial subnormal solutions for second-order linear differential equations. We show that under certain conditions some differential equations do not have subnormal solutions, also that the hyper-order of every solution equals one.

A perfect polynomial over F2 is a polynomial A ∈ F2[x] that equals the sum of all its divisors. If gcd(A, x + x) = 1 then we say that A is odd. In this paper we show the non-existence of odd perfect polynomials with either three prime divisors or with at most nine prime divisors provided that all exponents are equal to 2.

Abstract Consider the differential equation curl for a 3dimensional differentiable vector field We prove that is analytic and then prove an existence and uniqueness theorem for the differential equation with a prescribed boundary data. We also outline with a few variations Professor J. Ericksen’s work on a unit vector field that equals its own curl. AMS Subject Classification 2000 15A72, 35A10,...