7 The UK whole-wheat bioethanol and straw and DDGS based combined heat and power 8 (CHP) generation systems were assessed for environmental sustainability using a range of 9 impact categories or characterisations (IC): cumulative primary fossil energy (CPE), land use, 10 life cycle global warming potential over 100 years (GWP100), acidification potential (AP), 11 eutrophication potential (EP) a...

The importance of wheat has mainly been attributed to its ability to be ground into flour and semolina that form the basic ingredients of bread and pasta, respectively, while bran is mainly used for animal feeding. However, many epidemiological studies have demonstrated that health beneficial effects of whole wheat were attributed to the bioactive factors in bran and aleurone, such as non-diges...

BACKGROUND Previous studies show that dietary fibre-rich foods with low energy density have a stronger effect on satiety per calorie compared to more energy dense foods. OBJECTIVE To investigate subjective appetite and voluntary energy intake (24 h) after consumption of rye porridge breakfast and pasta lunch made from whole grain compared to iso-energetic reference meals made from refined cer...

When normal volunteers ate isocaloric wheat-based meals, their plasma insulin responses (peak concentration and area under curve) increased stepwise: whole grains < cracked grains < coarse flour < fine flour. Insulin responses were also greater with fine maizemeal than with whole or cracked maize grains but were similar with whole groats, rolled oats, and fine oatmeal. The peak-to-nadir swing o...

BACKGROUND Whole grain rye products have been shown to increase satiety and elicit lower postprandial insulin response without a corresponding change in glucose response compared with soft refined wheat bread. The underlying mechanisms for these effects have not been fully determined The primary aim of the study was to investigate if whole grain rye crisp bread compared to refined wheat crisp b...