(Seedling growth of fifteen Brazilian tropical tree species differing in successional status). Growth of seedlings of fifteen tropical tree species representative, at the adult stage, of different successional positions, was studied under field conditions. Seedlings were grown in three treatments: full sun (FS), artificial shade imposed by neutral screens (AS) and natural shade imposed by a clo...

Interstocks can reduce toxic ion accumulations in leaves of budded citrus trees, but the mechanism is not understood. We grew sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.; SO) seedlings, budded trees of 'Salustiano' orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck; SAO) on SO, 'Verna' lemon (Citrus limon L. Burm. f; VL/SO) and interstock trees (VL/SAO/SO) in pots of sand watered with nutrient solution containing 5 (contr...

in order to develop the high intensive agriculture, more chemical fertilizers are applied to the soil that resulting in soil degradation and environment deterioration. application of organic manure is an important approach for maintaining and improving the soil fertility and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. therefore, in order to evaluate the effect of organic manures and chemical fertiliz...

Relationships between net plant CO(2) exchange rate (CER) and canopy development were examined in ;jubilee' tomato over the initial 4 weeks of vegetative growth. A comparison was made between two plant groups that were alternatively exposed to 200 or 800 microeinsteins per square meter per second midday irradiation to establish a differential in net CER. Plants exposed to higher irradiation dem...

A split-split-plot design with three replications in two years of 2009 and 2010 was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of irrigation water (main plot), salinity of irrigation water (sub-plot) and nitrogen fertilizer rate (sub-subplot) on maize growth rate and gas exchange. Irrigation treatments were I1 (1.0 crop evapotranspiration (ETc)+0.25ETc as leaching), I2 (0.75I1)...

Cucumber seedling growth under constant and fluctuating photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) light (CPL FPL, respectively) was examined to discuss whether plants can acclimate CPL versus FPL. The FPL created in a chamber by artificially reproducing fluctuations ground-level sunlight PPFD using phosphor-converted white LEDs. daily mean at the canopy surface photoperiod were same for grown t...

A split plot 3 by 4 experiment was designed to examine the impact of 15-week variable levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N/ha) on the characteristics of total flavonoids (TF), total phenolics (TP), total non structurable carbohydrate (TNC), net assimilation rate, leaf chlorophyll content, carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), phenyl alanine lyase activity (PAL) and protein conten...

Abstract Rice is the primary staple food for more than 50% of world’s population. Narrowing gap between maximum potential crop yield and actual critical improving current yield, resource use efficiency, global security. Here, we examined fertilizer efficiency (FUE), radiation (RUE), temperature production (TPE) four management treatments (super high [SH], [HH], farmer level [FP], basic [CK]). S...

introduction the study of growth parameters such as net assimilation rate (nar), leaf area ratio (lar), relative growth rate (rgr) and leaf area duration (lad) are important for analyzing yield constraints. the growth parameters can be used to understand the crop response to environmental variables during the growing season. the aims of the present study were to 1) consider the growth indices u...