the present article studies the symbolism in the poetry of badrshakir al-siab. his literary method played an important role in leading the literature of 50s and 60s in iraq and the whole arab world. this article tries to express how siab after becoming familiar with western literature and being affected by the european symbolist poets could add a new form to the contemporary arabic poetry. he t...

since the time of western modernity, knowledge is compartmentalized into differentiated fields. this has however not mitigated the influence of natural science model of theorizing on social sciences. as a result, the discipline of organization theory has grown without the influence of abstract, ephemeral and metaphysical fields such as religion, history, mystic philosophy, arts and literature. ...

intertextuality is an approach which is considered in modern criticism. arabic contemporary literature has derived a collection of modern concepts from western literature called tanas in arabic language. the intertextuality is applied to study literary texts more deeply and to access to their unmentioned. the holy quran text has an integral link with poems of many poets ;for example, ibrahim to...

In this article, I compare William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying and Sadeq Chubak’s The Patient ‎Stone ‎with respect to the theme of death and from the perspective of Existentialism. I argue that ‎despite ‎Faulkner’s influence on Chubak and similarities in their writings, the Iranian modernist novel ‎presents ‎intellectual and aesthetic nuances catering to the domestic material circumstances of ‎it...

sooty molds are a group of fungi with dark-coloured hyphae, which grow saprophytically on various living plant organs and sometimes on non-living substrates and produce brown to black superficial colonies, black pellicles or pseudoparenchymatous crust. in north of iran including guilan and mazandaran provinces, sooty molds are common on living leaves of a great variety of plants especially citr...

image is the most operative and commonly used term in the field of literary criticism which has been in use since along time ago and became much favorite and accepted during the new renaissance criticism in the literature of western world. two terms of icon and iconography, at present and in the field of literary criticism , are much commonly used. icon or image considers as one of the main bas...

nizar qabani, a great modern arab poet, is best known for his poetry on women and politics. however in his political poems there are some conspicuous realistic veins which reflect the special effects of geography, customs, religion, traditions, and thought across the arab world on realism as a literary school. the mission of arabic literature is to reflect the realities of arab societies, which...

Western medicine was introduced into China since the first half of 19th century. In thirty years 20th century, confrontation between and Traditional Chinese medicines went to its peak, resulting in a social debate over not only efficacy medical practices but also justification new, ideology. medicine, Medicine, their clash were recurring motifs literature from 1906 1946, these literary works re...