We report the generation of West Nile virus (WNV) infectious clones for the pathogenic lineage 1 Texas-HC2002 and nonpathogenic lineage 2 Madagascar-AnMg798 strains. The infectious clones exhibited biological properties similar to those of the parental virus isolates. We generated chimeric viruses and found that viral factors within the structural and nonstructural regions of WNV-TX contribute ...

Recent reports of the World Health Organization have shown that malaria as an indigenous disease has disappeared from Europe and from the U.S.A., from most of the U.S.S.R., from Israel, Lebanon, large parts of India, from Singapore, Hong-Kong, Taiwan, South Africa, Australia, Chile, most of Argentina and Venezuela, most of the islands of the Caribbean, and from Mauritius. Nevertheless, the whol...

IEE Wiring Matters | Spring 2005 | www.iee.org Radon – a brief explanation Radon is a naturally occurring gas that has no colour, smell or taste. The gas comes from minute amounts of uranium present in all earth materials such as rocks, soil, bricks and concrete. Radon is present in all parts of the UK, but in the most populous areas the levels are quite low. Some of the highest levels are foun...

Pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] is popular all over the world for its pleasant aroma, sweet-acidic taste and smooth pulp texture. It third most important fruit on basis of global trade after banana citrus. The present investigation was carried out in 2014–16 to assess growth behaviour performance different pineapple varieties like Kew, Queen, Mauritius, Haricharanvita, Baruipur Local, MD-...

In many developing countries, improper solid waste management (SWM) poses serious environmental and public health risks. Solid wastes are typically dumped into drains open areas since they not collected. The effects of this incident affect both human life the environment. addition to identifying sources, types, defining features in study region, aimed evaluate current methods three host communi...