Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neuro-psychiatric syndrome due to inadequate supply of thiamine (vitamin B1) to the brain which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Although alcohol use is the most common predisposing factor but Wernicke’s encephalopathy can occur in any patient with nutritional deficiency conditions such as hyperemesis gravidarum, hemodialysis, malignancy, ...

Introduction Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from thiamine deficiency (vit B1) wich often associated with chronic alcoholism. The classical presentation characterized by ophtalmoplegia, ataxia and confusion. Unfortunately, WE still underdiagnosed because it may not always show up in one hand, could also be seen other non alcoholic condition an hand...

A spatial analysis was carried out in order to analyse the reason why the risk of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) was spatially heterogeneous in France, during the period following the feed ban of Meat and Bone Meal to cattle. The hypothesis of cross-contamination between cattle feedstuff and monogastric feedstuff, which was strongly suggested from previous investigations, was assessed, ...

Chronic abuse of alcohol triggers different types of brain damage. The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome gets together Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's syndrome. Another type of encephalopathy associated with chronic ethanol consumption is represented by the Marchiafava-Bignami malady or syndrome, an extremely rare neurological disorder, which is characterized by a demielinization of corpus ...

Korsakoff’s syndrome revisited. Neuropsychol Rev 22:69–71. Thomson AD, Cook CCH, Guerrini I et al. (2008) Wernicke’s encephalopathy: plus ça change, plus c’est la meme chose. Alcohol Alcohol 43:180–6. Thomson AD, Guerrini I, Marshall EJ. (2012) The evolution and treatment of Korsakoff’s syndrome. Neuropsychol Rev 22:81–92. Thomson AD, Marshall EJ, Bell D. (2013) Time to act on the inadequate ma...

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The patient is a 7-year-old girl with a history of repaired gastroschisis and short gut syndrome. She presented with a 4-day history of progressive encephalopathy, truncal ataxia, and omnidirectional gaze-evoked nystagmus. Peripheral lactate was 7.1 mmol/L. Serum thiamine level was decreased (,5 nmol/L). Brain magnetic resonance with spectroscopy is shown in the figure. A clinical diagnosis of ...

Clinical and postmortem findings of a case that had combined alcoholic pellagra encephalopathy and Wernicke disease are described. This 51-year-old malnourished and chronic alcoholic man presented with progressive mental deterioration, pellagra dermatitis, hypertonus of the neck and other musculatures, myoclonic jerks with bizarre involuntary movements, in addition to total external ophthalmopl...

A detailed account is given of the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), current research into the aetiology of this new disease of cattle, and the relationship between BSE, scrapie and other similar diseases. Epidemiology, clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis, prevention and control are described.