BACKGROUND Although obesity causes many adverse health consequences, modest weight loss reduces the incidence. There are effective interventions that help people to lose weight but weight regain is common and long term maintenance remains a critical challenge. As a high proportion of the population of most high and middle income countries are overweight, there are many people who would benefit ...

BACKGROUND Fat infiltration of the liver, muscle and pancreas is associated with insulin resistance and risk of diabetes. Weight loss reduces ectopic fat deposition and risk of diabetes, but is difficult to sustain to due to compensatory increases in appetite. Fermentable carbohydrates have been shown to decrease appetite and food intake, and promote weight loss in overweight subjects. In anima...

There is a growing consensus as to the characteristics of conservative treatments for obesity. We will begin by describing these characteristics without attempting a precise definition. Conservative treatments can be characterized in a negative sense as treatments other than surgery or adjunctive instruments such as gastric balloons, very-low-calorie diets, or pharmacotherapy. They can be chara...

BACKGROUND For many people, maintenance of weight loss is elusive. Whereas high-protein (HP) diets have been found to be superior to high-carbohydrate (HC) diets for weight loss in the short term, their benefits long term are unclear, particularly for weight maintenance. Furthermore, the literature lacks consensus on the long-term effects of an HP diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors. ...

OBJECTIVE Decreases in variety of foods consumed within high-fat-dense food groups and increases in variety of foods consumed within low-fat-dense food groups are associated with lower energy intake and greater weight loss during obesity treatment and may assist with weight loss maintenance. This study examined food group variety in 2237 weight loss maintainers in the National Weight Control Re...

W HAT 15 the caloric equivalent of one pound of body weight, gained or lost ? To put the question in other words : How many cabnies in excess of the amount necessary to mriaintam caloric equilibrium will produce a gain of one pound of body weight ; conversely, what caloric deficit will determine a loss of one pound of body weight? It is strange that a marked diversity of opinion exists among au...

Successful long-term weight loss maintenance can be achieved by various means. A combination of dietary and physical activity interventions, along with one or more behavioral approaches, has proven successful in some persons, as documented by the National Weight Control Registry, but is limited by adherence to a consistent weight loss regimen. Successful approaches to weight loss maintenance in...

Dietary restriction interventions are effective for weight loss and reduction of chronic disease risk. Unfortunately, most people tend to regain much of this lost weight within one year after intervention. While some studies suggest that minor degrees of weight regain have no effect on metabolic disease risk parameters, other studies demonstrate a complete reversal in metabolic benefits. In lig...