In this paper, first the limitations of the ray-based method and the one-way wave-field extrapolation migration (WEM) in imaging steeply dipping structures are discussed by some examples. Then a new method of the reverse time migration (RTM), used in imaging such complex structures is presented. The proposed method uses a new wave-field extrapolator called the Leapfrog-Rapid Expansion Method (L...

The impedance technique, also known as the particular case of the invariant embedding approach, is generalized for modeling of electromagnetic wave propagation in the anisotropic and gyrotropic media with spatial dispersion such as hot magnetized plasmas. That provides a new way for analytical and numerical studies of “full wave” problems in plasma physics that require exact solutions of Maxwel...

There is currently a great deal of interest in the theoretical and practical possibility of cloaking objects from the observation by electromagnetic waves. The basic idea of these invisibility devices [8, 9, 13], [18] is to use anisotropic transformation media whose permittivity and permeability ε , μ, are obtained from the ones, ε 0 , μ λν 0 , of isotropic media, by singular transformations of...

Electromagnetic wave propagation is usually reciprocal. However, in magneto-optical or gyromagnetic media, the propagation can be nonreciprocal. This effect has contributed to many important components in telecommunication systems, such as isolators and circulators. Recently, it has even been demonstrated that on the surface of magneto-optical or gyromagnetic media, electromagnetic waves can pr...

The radiation characteristic of plasma antenna is investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach in this paper. Through using FDTD method, we study the propagation of electromagnetic wave in free space in stretched coordinate. And the iterative equations of Maxwell equation are derived. In order to validate the correctness of this method, we simulate the process of elec...

Introduction: It has been reported that cardiovascular effects are among the possible health effects of being exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMSs). Material and Methods: This study has been conducted to evaluate the long term effects of exposure to magnetic and electric fields on electrocardiogram signal changes. Nine power transmission posts having different vol...

The Electromagnetic Time Reversal (TR) technique is based on the time invariance property of electromagnetic waves. For every forward electromagnetic wave, there exist a back propagating wave which follows the same path. If the medium has less loss and is inhomogeneous, then TR provides better crossrange resolution. The purpose of this paper is to showcase the improved properties of TR and its ...

It is considered constraints imposed by the quantum mechanics on the measurement of the density of the electromagnetic energy. First, the energy of the electromagnetic wave and the volume (time) are bound with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. It reduces from double to ordinary the relativistic effect for the density of the electromagnetic energy. Second, the frequency of photons and the nu...