Decades of acid rain have acidified forest soils and freshwaters throughout montane forests of the northeastern United States; the resulting loss of soil base cations is hypothesized to be responsible for limiting rates of forest growth throughout the region. In 1999, an experiment was conducted that reversed the long-term trend of soil base cation depletion and tested the hypothesis that calci...

The paper discusses different approaches of watershed management programs implemented in South Asian countries, with special reference to Nepal based on existing literature and field experiences. Watershed degradation, particularly in mountainous areas, is critical problem in South Asian countries. A participatory approach has been adopted in watershed and natural resource management during the...

The watershed transform was proposed as a novel method for image segmentation over 30 years ago. Today it is still used as an elementary step in many powerful segmentation procedures. The watershed transform constitutes one of the main concepts of mathematical morphology as an important region-based image segmentation approach. However, the original watershed transform is highly sensitive to no...

Acid deposition during the 20th century caused widespread depletion of available soil calcium (Ca) throughout much of the industrialized world. To better understand how forest ecosystems respond to changes in a component of acidification stress, an 11.8-ha watershed was amended with wollastonite, a calcium silicate mineral, to restore available soil Ca to preindustrial levels through natural we...

The present study focuses on the gold mining in Mahd Ad Dahab region of Saudi Arabia. The study aims at the integrated use of existing meteorological information with the drainage basin morphometry of the mine catchment for determining the preferential flow path for the mine contaminants. The study reveals that the actual mining area lies at the headwaters of two watersheds: Watershed A and Wat...

For two watersheds in the northern Midwest United States, we show that landscape depressions have a significant impact on watershed hydrology and sediment yields and that the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has appropriate features to simulate these depressions. In our SWAT models of the Willow River in Wisconsin and the Sunrise River in Minnesota, we used Pond and Wetland features to cap...

Hydrological models are used to represent the rainfallrunoff and pollutant transport mechanisms within watersheds. Accurate representation of these dynamic and complex natural processes within a watershed is an important step in managing and protecting a watershed Artificial neural network (ANN) models are often used in hydrologic modeling. Typical ANN models are trained to use lumped data. How...

A watershed model can be used to better understand the relationship between land use activities and hydrologic and water quality processes occurring within a watershed. Two different models, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and HSPF (Hydrologic Simulation ProgramFortran), were selected in this study to simulate stream flow, sediment, and nutrients loading from the Polecat Creek watershed i...

This paper presents a synthesis of four case studies of watershed management experiences in the Philippines, primarily to provide insight on why watershed management approach has not gained wider recognition in the country despite being renowned internationally. A brief description was presented for each case study involving the watersheds of Maasin, Magat, Manupali, and Balian sub-watershed to...

We developed a completely automated technique for carotid wall segmentation and intima – media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound images based on the watershed transform. Morphological operators are used to extract the foreground markers for performing marker-based watershed segmentation. The watershed basin containing the carotid artery is automatically extracted. The far wall of the ar...