Industrialization and urbanization have caused water pollution and ecosystem degradation, especially in urban canals and rivers in China; accordingly, effective water quality improvement programs are needed. In this study, the Tianlai River in Jiangsu, China was taken as a research site, and a combination of ecological purification technologies consisting of biological rope, phytoremediation, a...

Nanoporous materials exhibit wide applications in the fields of electrocatalysis, nanodevice fabrication, energy, and environmental science, as well as analytical science. In this review, we present a summary of recent studies on nanoporous membranes for water purification application. The types and fabrication strategies of various nanoporous membranes are first introduced, and then the fabric...

Cryptosporidium , a protozoan parasite that causes watery diarrhea, is found worldwide and is common in areas with low water hygiene. In February 2014, 866 stool samples were collected from the inhabitants of 2 rural areas in White Nile State, Sudan. These stool samples were assessed by performing modified acid-fast staining, followed by examination under a light microscope. The overall positiv...

Dual purification of both oily wastewater and dye-polluted water for enhancing the use of freshwater is an urgent task. We report herein, the facile synthesis of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials anchored mesh for in situ dual-functional water purification. This resultant mesh combines the excellent capacity of oil removal and the advantage of photocatalytic performance for dye degradation ...

The term mixing is confusing because it is used to describe transport mechanisms for both flash mixing (reagent dispersion and homogenisation with water mixing) and agitation (flocculation mixing) because each of these mechanisms requires different flow characteristics in order to take place with maximum efficiency. Flash mixing should take place under conditions of mixing on macro-scale with m...

BACKGROUND A typical purification system that provides purified water which meets ionic and organic chemical standards, must be protected from microbial proliferation to minimize cross-contamination for use in cleaning and preparations in pharmaceutical industries and in health environments. METHODOLOGY Samples of water were taken directly from the public distribution water tank at twelve dif...

Recovering resources from water purification sludge (WPS) have been gradually stipulated in environmental protection laws and regulations in many nations. Hence, reusing the WPS is becoming an important topic, and recovering alum from WPS is one of the many practical alternatives. Most previous research efforts have been conducted on studying the amphoteric characteristic of aluminum hydroxide ...

This is the Second Edition of Lt.-Col. Hehir's book and is prefaced by a note from Sir O'Moore Creagh, the Commander-in-Chief in India. It is far and away the most useful book on Indian Military Hygiene that we have ever read and should be in the hands of all Medical Officers of the Army. It is so complete and thorough that it is difficult to give a full account of it, but in order that our rea...

The controversy over whether and how much to charge for health products in the developing world rests, in part, on whether higher prices can increase use. We test this hypothesis in a field experiment in Zambia using door-to-door marketing of a home water purification solution. Our methodology separates the screening effect of prices (charging more changes the mix of buyers) from the psychologi...