In this paper we report on the activity of Cuand Ni-containing cerium oxide catalysts for low-temperature water-gas shift (WGS). Bulk catalysts were prepared in nanocrystalline form by the urea co-precipitation–gelation method. Lanthanum dopant (10 at.%) was used as a structural stabilizer of ceria, while the content of Cu or Ni was in the range of 5–15 at.% (2–8 wt.%). At low metal loadings, C...

Fischer–Tropsch process (F-T) is an efficient technology to synthesize liquid transportation fuel as well as other valuable chemicals. This process is associated with hydrogenation of carbon monoxide gas in presence of transition metal catalyst to valuable liquid transportation fuels and chemicals. F-T reaction is essentially a catalytic process, and most widely used catalysts are either iron o...

Aqueous phase reforming (APR) of biomass derived feedstock producing hydrogen was reviewed. The APR process was discussed based on different feedstock categories such as sugars, polyols and ethanol. The mechanism of APR was analyzed referring to different structures of feedstock. The reaction pathways of APR were investigated. The usage of catalysts should be judged by feedstock on the requirem...

The highly ordered mesoporous Co3O4-Al2O3 bimetal oxide, prepared by a nano-casting method, was modified with Sn promoter (denoted as Sn/m-CoAlOx) to enhance selectivity liquid-hydrocarbons well suppress CO2 formation formed water gas-shift (WGS) reaction activity during CO hydrogenation hydrocarbons (Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) reaction). Based on the surface properties of Sn/m-CoAlOx in r...

In today’s economy, one of the most important national indicators of economic growth performance is the country’s ability to produce new technology—and use it responsibly and efficiently—for environmental protection or energy conservation, production and consumption in agreement with international standards. The purpose of this study is to identify the Research and Development (R&D) capability ...

A Fe-Cu-Al-O water gas shift catalyst with a Fe : Cu atomic ratio of 4 : 1 upon pretreatment at 350 °C in H2 exhibits a conversion higher than a physical mixture of Fe-Al-O and Cu-Al-O by ~40% over a temperature range of 300 °C-450 °C. In situ ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies suggest that the surface region of Fe-Cu-Al-O was restructured into a double-layer structure co...

A redox cycle between Ce4+ and Ce3+ is the elementary step in water gas shift (WGS) mechanism. Facilitating a +4 +3 of cerium enhanced formation oxygen vacancy which considered as dominate factor for developing WGS performance stability ceria material. Therefore, this work, we have tried to facilitate CeO 2 enrich activity. The reaction was carried out on Ni catalyst supported by Gd-doped (GDC)...

A scale-up study has been performed with three different size reactors to establish the optimum operating conditions for the hydrogen production from synthesis gas by biological water-gas shift reaction using the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodosprilliunt rubrum. Optimum medium composition and operating conditions previously determined in a bench scale 1.25 L continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR...

effect of water gas shift reaction (co+h2o=co2+h2) on wustite reduction has been investigated by a transient, non-isothermal mathematical model based on grain model. in this model, wustite porous pellet is reduced using syngas, namely a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor. for this purpose, governing equations containing continuity equation of species and energy...