introduction: reverse osmosis (ro) is best known for its use in desalination (removing the salt from seawater to get fresh water), but since the early 1970s it has also been used to purify fresh water for medical, industrial, and domestic applications. the aim of this research was the performance study of reverse osmosis plants for water desalination in bandar-lengeh, iran. materials and method...

Spice and medicinal plants grown under water deficiency conditions reveal much higher concentrations of relevant natural products compared with identical plants of the same species cultivated with an ample water supply. For the first time, experimental data related to this well-known phenomenon have been collected and a putative mechanistic concept considering general plant physiological and bi...

abstract in present study, it has been studied to oprimize culture pattern in water consumption reduction and increase in income by use of collected data from kazeroon agriculture organization and forign commercial statistical annals and use of linear planning model due to simplicity and lts application, and to apply in water resources management. the purpose of this study had been to edit one ...

abstract soil moisture measurement and control is a base to employ optimal management methods for reducing water consumption and improvement of the product quality. the main objective of this research was increasing the efficiency of water consumption in a greenhouse condition. this study was carried out in the framework of three treatments of soil potential including irrigation at 40, 60 and 8...

This paper focuses on a Hybrid Process that uses feed salinity dilution and osmotic power recovery from Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) to achieve higher overall water recovery. This reduces the energy consumption and capital costs of conventional seawater desalination and water reuse processes. The Hybrid Process increases the amount of water recovered from the current 66.7% for conventional s...

In Bangladesh, arsenic contamination of groundwater, microbial contamination of surface water and seasonally variable rainfall make reliable access to acceptable quality drinking water a challenge. Arsenic-iron removal plants (AIRPs) are a relatively inexpensive way of removing arsenic from groundwater for access to safer drinking water. This study evaluated the performance of 21 (of 105) AIRPs...

Scientists recently reported the unexpected detection of unknown or poorly studied bacterial diversity in groundwater. The ability to uncover this neglected biodiversity mainly derives from technical improvements, and the term "microbial dark matter" was used to group taxa poorly investigated and not necessarily monophyletic. We focused on such under-investigated microbial dark matter of drinki...

A new method of irrigation was designed and tested for its water use efficiency (WUE). Maize plants were grown in pots with their roots divided and established into two or three separated containers of which irrigation and soil drying were controlled alternately. Results showed that when the two halves of the root system were alternatively exposed to a drying soil and a soil with its water cont...

Over the last decade, the variety and number of products and techniques based on the use or the addition of engineered nanoparticles has increased dramatically. This includes among others the use of e.g. silver, titanium dioxide, or other nanoparticles in amultitude of personal care products, clothing, colors, and other consumer products (Schaumann et al., 2015-in this issue), and their direct ...

Water issues in Australia have been viewed in the context of diminishing and uncertain water security and increasing demand. Managing water demand and expanding existing water supply are priorities for Australian water management institutions. Water prices are rising or set to rise in most parts of the country, there are rebates to households who install water saving devices and appliances, and...